Marko Vovchok
Marko Vovchok (pseudonym; actually Marija Olexanderiwna Wilinska ; Ukrainian Марко Вовчок , Марія Олександрівна Вілінська ; born December 10 . Jul / 22. December 1833 greg. In Jekaterininskoje, Oryol Governorate , Russian Empire , † July 28 jul. / August 10 1907 greg. In Nalchik , Terek Oblast ) was a Ukrainian and Russian writer , translator and folklorist .
Live and act
Marko Vovchok alias Wilinska was born on December 10, 1833 in the village of Ekaterininskoye. Her father Alexandr Wilinsky was an officer . Her mother, Praskovia Petrovna, was an educated woman from an impoverished aristocratic family.
From around 1845 she attended a private boarding school in Kharkiv . In this institution she was taught etiquette, French, dancing and making music. Two years later she moved to her aunt KP Mardovina in Oryol Governorate . She met her future husband, the Ukrainian ethnographer, Opanas Markewytsch (Russian Afanassi Markowitsch ), who was serving his exile there because of membership in the Cyril and Methodist brotherhood . In January 1851 she married him and the couple moved to Nemyriw in the Ukraine.
From 1851 to 1858 they lived in Chernihiv , Kiev and Nemyriv. In 1853 their son Bohdan was born.
In 1856 Marko Wowtschok wrote her first stories in Ukrainian - "Vykup" and "Otec Andrej". In 1857 her husband sent her stories to his colleague Pantelejmon Kulisch . This recognized her talent and a short time later published the first anthology under the title "Narodni opovidannja Marka Vovčka" in Saint Petersburg , which contained 11 stories.
As early as 1858 to 1859, Marko Vovchok translated some of the Ukrainian folk tales into Russian and published them in the journal "Russki Vestnik" .
In 1859 she moved with her family to Saint Petersburg , where she met numerous representatives of Russian and Ukrainian literary life. Turgenev published her stories in Russian that same year.
A short time later, accompanied by Turgenev, she moved abroad with her son and stayed there until 1867. She was in Germany, Switzerland, London, Italy and France, where she met many Russian and Polish writers.
In 1867 Vovchok returned to Saint Petersburg, where she lived for the next ten years. There she made friends with the editors of the literary journal Otetschestwennye Sapiski , in which she then headed the "Foreign Literature" section and published her works and translations in it. From 1868 to 1878 she translated a lot from French, English, German and Polish literature for various writers, among others. a. approx. 15 novels by Jules Verne. Through her stories "Karmeljuk" and "Dva syna" she fell under the censorship of the tsarist regime and lost reputation in literary society through allegations of plagiarism .
Some time after the death of her husband, she met the young officer Michail Lobač-Žučenko, whom she married a few years later. She spent her last years in Nalchik and worked on her story “Hajdamaky”.
Works
- Collective works
- Narodni opovidannja Marka Vovčka ( Народні оповідання Марка Вовчка ), 1857 or Narodnye rasskazy ( Народные рассказы ), 1859
- prose
- Vedmid '( Ведмідь )
- Devjat 'brativ i desjata sestrycja Halja ( Дев'ять братів і десята сестриця Галя )
- Zatejnik ( Затейник )
- Karmeljuk ( Кармелюк )
- Lemeryvna ( Лемеривна )
- Nevil'nyčka ( Невільничка )
- Putešestvie vo vnutr 'strany ( Путешествие во внутрь страны )
- Čortova pryhoda ( Чортова пригода )
- Jak Chapko solodu vidriksja ( Як Хапко солоду відрікся )
- stories
- Instytutka ( Інститутка )
- Pavlo Čornokryl ( Павло Чорнокрил )
- Projdysvit ( Пройдисвіт )
- Try doli ( Три долі )
- Tjulevaja baba ( Тюлевая баба )
- Červonnyj korol '( Червонный король )
- Hajdamaky ( Гайдамаки )
- Stories and novellas
- Vykup ( Викуп )
- Horpyna ( Горпина )
- Danylo Hurč ( Данило Гурч )
- Dva syny ( Два сини )
- Kateryna ( Катерина )
- Kozačka ( Козачка )
- Kupečeskaja dočka ( Купеческая дочка )
- Ledaščycja ( Ледащиця )
- Maksym Hrymač ( Максим Гримач )
- Maša ( Маша )
- Ne do pary ( Не до пари )
- Odarka ( Одарка )
- Otec 'Andrij ( Отець Андрій )
- Saša ( Саша )
- Svekrucha ( Свекруха )
- Sestra ( Сестра )
- Son ( Сон )
- Čary ( Чари )
- Čumak ( Чумак )
- Novels
- Živaja duša ( Живая душа )
- Zapiski pričetnika ( Записки причетника )
- V gluši ( В глуши )
- Tёploe gnёzdyško ( Тёплое гнёздышко )
- Selskaja idillija ( Сельская идиллия )
Memorials
- Memorial plaque for Marko Vovchok on a house in Kiev (Трьохсвятительська вулиця).
- House-museum , in which the writer spent the last year of her life and a monument built in 1978 in Nalchik.
literature
- С. Цалик. Як Марко Вовчок літературних негрів наймала. Журнал “Країна”, № 27, July 15, 2011 р.
- Маркович, Мария Александровна // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона: В 86 томах (82 т. И 4. Доп.) - СПб., 1890-1907.
- Марко Вовчок в критиці: Збірник статей, рецензій, висловлювань. - К., 1955.
- Писарев Д. Народные украинские рассказы Марко Вовчка // Писарев Д. Полн. собр. соч. - СПб., 1909. - Т.1.
- Засенко О. Марко Вовчок. Життя, творчість, місце в історії літератури. - К., 1964.
- Франко І. Марія Маркович (Марко Вовчок). Посмертна згадка // Франко І. Зібр. творів: У 50 т. - К., 1976-1986. - К "1976–1986.-Т.37.-С.276-279.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.ostdok.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00047425_00008.html
- ↑ http://terramir.ru/biography-writers/216-marko-vovchok-biografiya.html
- ↑ http://www.ostdok.de/de/fs1/object/goToPage/bsb00047425.html?pageNo=9
- ↑ http://www.ostdok.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00047425_00008.html
- ↑ Marko Wowtschok in FEB (Russian)
- ↑ http://librarystudent.ru/vov.html
- ↑ http://gazeta.ua/articles/history-journal/_yak-marko-vovchok-literaturnih-negriv-najmala/390491
- ↑ http://www.interfax-russia.ru/South/citynews.asp?id=57396
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wovchok, Marko |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wilinska, Marija Olexanderiwna (real name); Вовчо́к, Марко́ (Ukrainian); Вілінська, Марія Олександрівна (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ukrainian writer of Russian origin, translator and folklorist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 22, 1833 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ekaterininskoye, Oryol Governorate , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 10, 1907 |
| Place of death | Nalchik , Terek Oblast |