Martin 2-0-2
| Martin 2-0-2 | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Martin 2-0-2 of California Central Airlines 1951 |
|
| Type: | Passenger plane |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
November 22, 1946 |
| Commissioning: |
1947 |
| Number of pieces: |
47 |
The Martin 2-0-2 was a twin-engine airliner manufactured by the US American manufacturer Glenn L. Martin Company in the 1940s. It could carry up to 40 passengers. Due to a design fault on the wings, production had to be temporarily interrupted. After delivering only 47 copies, it was replaced in 1950 by the successor model Martin 4-0-4 . The 2-0-2 was not provided with a pressurized cabin , which was a major disadvantage for sales compared to the competing Convair CV-240 .
history
The development began in 1945 due to a tender by American Airlines . The 2-0-2 was supposed to replace the outdated Douglas DC-3 . The first flight took place on November 22, 1946. In the following year, the delivery of the first of 50 copies each ordered by Northwest Airlines and Eastern Air Lines began . A version equipped with a pressurized cabin was tested as the 3-0-3 from 1947.
The crash of an airplane in 1948 forced production to cease. After a design error was identified, the aircraft that had already been delivered were converted.
From 1950 Martin offered the revised version 2-0-2 A, which had newly designed wings and improved engines (Pratt & Whitney R-2800-CB16 with 1,765 kW (2,400 PS)). However, only twelve aircraft from her could be sold to TWA . The freight version 2-0-3 did not find a buyer and no longer went into production. In October 1951, the newly founded Japan Air Lines took flight operations with three Martin 2-0-2, which were leased from and operated by Transocean Air Lines . Numerous aircraft later became the property of smaller US airlines and some were still used as cargo planes in the 1980s.
construction
The 2-0-2 was an all-metal aircraft designed as a low- wing aircraft and had a retractable three-legged landing gear. Two double radial engines Pratt & Whitney Double Wasp with 1490 kW each served as drive .
After a Northwest Orient Airlines plane crashed in a storm in 1948, the investigative commission found material fatigue to be the cause. The spars of the wings were made of an unsuitable aluminum alloy and had to be replaced.
Incidents
During the operating time of the Martin 202 there were 13 total losses with 163 deaths. Examples:
- On August 29, 1948, the Martin 2-0-2 of Northwest Airlines with the aircraft registration number NC93044 broke almost seven km northwest of Winona (Minnesota) while passing through a thunderstorm. All 37 people on board were killed.
- On November 7, 1950, a Martin 2-0-2 of Northwest Orient Airlines (later Northwest Airlines) (N93040) on the only 80 kilometer flight from Helena (Montana) to Butte (Montana) five kilometers east of the destination airport in one Ridge flown. All 21 inmates were killed. The prescribed approach procedure had not been followed despite dubious weather conditions with clouds and showers.
- On January 16, 1951, a Northwest Orient Airlines (later Northwest Airlines) (N93054) flight from Spokane to Wenatchee had an accident near Reardan, Washington . After an emergency call, the machine fell steeply to the ground. All seven passengers and three crew members on board died.
- On November 5, 1951, a Martin 2-0-2 of Transocean Air Lines (N93039) was flown into the ground while approaching Tucumcari Municipal Airport , New Mexico , in weather conditions below the prescribed minimums. One of the 29 inmates died.
- On April 9, 1952, a Martin 2-0-2 (N93043) chartered by Japan Airlines from Northwest Orient Airlines crashed on Mihara Volcano during a domestic flight in Japan. All 37 people on board were killed.
- On January 12, 1955, a Trans World Airlines (TWA) (N93211) collided with a Douglas DC-3 ( N999B ) shortly after taking off from Cincinnati Airport at a height of about 250 m and crashed 4 km to the west. All 13 inmates and the two of the DC-3 were killed.
- On 1 December 1959, the bounced N174A of Allegheny Airlines in Williamsport (Pennsylvania) for Compass problems during the approach into a mountain. Of the 26 inmates, 25 were killed.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| crew | 3 |
| Passengers | 36-40 |
| length | 21.70 m |
| span | 28.40 m |
| height | 8.60 m |
| Wing area | 80.3 m² |
| Empty mass | 10,230 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 16,600 kg |
| Cruising speed | 458 km / h |
| Top speed | 500 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 6,900 m |
| Range | 2,900 km |
| Engines | two air-cooled 18-cylinder double radial engines Pratt & Whitney R-2800 CA-18 with 1,490 kW (2,026 PS) each |
See also
literature
William Green: The Observer's World Aircraft Directory. 1961.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Accident statistics Martin 2-0-2 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on June 23, 2020.
- ^ Accident report Martin 2-0-2 NC93044 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 21, 2016.
- ↑ accident report Martin 2-0-2 N93040 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 1 of 2019.
- ↑ ICAO Aircraft Accident Digest 2, Circular 24-AN / 21, Montreal 1951 (English), pp. 40-43.
- ↑ accident report Martin 2-0-2 N93054 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on 19 January 2016th
- ↑ accident report Martin 2-0-2 N93039 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on 10 November 2017th
- ↑ accident report Martin 2-0-2 N93043 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on 16 January 2016th
- ^ Accident report Martin 2-0-2 N93211 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 21, 2016.
- ^ Accident report DC-3 N999B , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on November 10, 2017.
- ↑ accident report Martin 2-0-2 N174A , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on 19 January 2016th