Martin Bender (Jesuit)

Martin Bender (* 1731 in Kirchen in the county of Sayn-Altenkirchen ; † July 24, 1791 in St. Wendel ) was a German Jesuit , professor of theology and pastor .

Bender, who entered the Jesuit order as a novice in 1748 , acquired a master's degree in philosophy in the course of his training , received a doctorate in theology and finally became professor of dogmatics at the University of Trier . After the repeal of the Jesuit order by Pope Clement XIV on July 21, 1773, the Jesuit theological and philosophical faculty was spun off. Since the associated teaching position was now assigned to the Benedictine faculty of Trier University and, in addition to the college , the Jesuit grammar school in Trier was closed, Bender, as an ex-Jesuit, had to turn to another activity, which he succeeded the pastor, who died on September 4, 1774 Heinrich Joseph Braun also found in St. Wendel. Bender arrived here on June 24th, 1775 and worked as a "zealous and capable pastor and pastor" for 16 years until his death; he found his final resting place in the choir of the Wendalinus basilica .

Bender became known beyond his immediate sphere of activity at Trier University when he took part in a theological discussion initiated by the Catholic theologian and canon lawyer Georg Christoph Neller (1709–1783), which was also reported on outside academic circles. In the matter it was about the removal of Pope John XII. in the year 963, whose canonical assessment had led to a "bitter feud with the Jesuits of the Lower Rhine province, which lasted for years".

Fonts (selection)

• Quaestiones de locis theologicis, et theses de Deo uno. Trier 1767 ( online at Google Books).

• Animadversiones in vindicias historico juridicas. Trier 1767 ( online at Google Books); Reprinted by Philipp Anton Schmidt : Thesaurus iuris ecclesiastici potissimum Germanici sive Dissertationes selectae in ius ecclesiasticum. Vol. 2. Heidelberg / Bamberg / Würzburg 1773, pp. 105-136 ( online at Google Books).

literature

• Art. Bender (Martin). In: The learned Teutschland or Lexicon of the Germans living now. Edited by Georg Christoph Hamberger . New edition Meiersche Buchhandlung, Lemgo 1772, p. 42 ( online at Google Books).

• Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Leipzig 1802, p. 304 f. ( online at Google Books).

• Art. Bender, Martin. In: Bibliothèque des écrivains de la compagnie de Jésus ou notices bibliographiques. Edited by Augustin and Alois de Backer. 5th row. Liège 1839, p. 29 ( online at Google Books).

• Julius Bettingen: History of the city and the office of St. Wendel. Self-published, St. Wendel 1865, unchanged. Reprinted Neustadt an der Aisch 1997 ISBN 3-89557-078-8 , p. 425 f.

• Art. Bender, Martin. In: Bibliothèque de la Compagnie de Jésus. Nouvelle Éditon. Vol. 1. Ed. By Carlos Sommervogel . Brussels / Paris 1890, column 1293.

• Roland Geiger: Cum Decreto Consistoriali. Jurisprudence in the 18th century. In: Alsfassen und Breiten. Contributions to local history. Edited by Roland Geiger and Gerd Schmitt on the occasion of the first documentary mention of Alsfass in 1304. Self-published by R. Geiger, St. Wendel 2004 ISBN 978-3-939460-07-7 , pp. 58-65, passim.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Geiger's year of birth 1732, which differs from other literature, is : Cum Decreto (see literature) p. 58.
2. ↑ The indication of the place of birth follows the news of the Liber defunctorum of the parish St. Wendalinus quoted by Bettingen: Geschichte (see literature) p. 426 , when the pastor Bender died in 1791. A Molzbach alternatively named by Bettingen p. 425 as the place of birth is also named by Geiger without any further specification.
3. ↑ The statement by Bettingen: Geschichte (see literature) p. 426 that Bender was "61 years old" when he died in 1791 is, in view of his year of birth, to be understood to mean that he was 61 years old; so also the Augsburgische Ordinari Postzeitung No. 193 of August 13, 1791 o. S. ( online at Google Books ).
4. ↑ Meusel: Lexicon (see literature) p. 304.
5. ↑ Bender had also taught here until 1773: Royal Friedrich Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Trier 1563–1913. Festschrift to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the institution on June 6th - 8th. Oct. 1913, Trier 1913, p. 154 note 1 ( online at Internet Archive ).
6. ↑ Bettingen: Geschichte (see literature) p. 426 quotes Bender from an unnamed source with the remark that he did not leave the order of his own free will, but rather because of necessity ( non voluntate sed necessitate ).
7. ↑ Bettingen: History (see literature) p. 425 f .; the “marble that marks the tomb” had already disappeared in Bettingen's time.
8. ^ Giovanni Marchetti: Critique of the history and treatises of the Abbot Fleury; with an appendix about its sequel. Part 2. (translation into German) Augsburg 1789, p. 289 ( online at Google Books). - Bender's relevant text Animadversiones (see Fonts) was evidently widely used: cf. Catalogus dissertationum academicarum quibus nuper aucta est Bibliotheca Bodleiana . Oxford 1834, p. 25 ( online at Google Books).
9. ↑ On the tradition of papal infallibility in the Diocese of Trier, Cologne a. s. f. In: Rheinischer Merkur. Church-political weekly paper. Vol. 3. No. 24 of June 9, 1872, p. 227 f. ( online at Google Books).
10. ^ Heribert Raab : The Concordata nationis germanicae in the canonical discussion of the 17th to 19th centuries. A contribution to the history of episcopal theory in Germany. F. Steiner, Stuttgart 1956, p. 21.