Mary Marcus
Mary Marcus , also Mirjam Marcus or Marianne Marcus (born August 16, 1844 in Hamburg , † April 22, 1930 ibid) was a German headmistress .
Live and act
Mary Marcus' father acted as a merchant in German and English manufactured goods and lived mostly in England . Marcus attended a private daughter's school in Hamburg with Christian students and received accompanying lessons in the Jewish religion. After attending a seminar course and preparatory private lessons for various subjects, she taught at a private school for senior Jewish daughters from 1859 to 1862. Then she moved to Brno , where she raised the children of a Jewish family.
In 1868 Marcus returned to Hamburg, where she headed a school for destitute Israelite girls founded in 1798 based on the idea of the Enlightenment. Since the children were female, of Jewish faith and socially disadvantaged, they were considered to be disadvantaged several times. Marcus made it his life's work to carefully raise the students and provide them with an education that would help to compensate for the handicaps. She campaigned early on for holiday colonies and rest homes, which were intended to benefit the often poorly nourished, ailing children.
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In 1884 this Israelite Daughter School merged with the girls' school of the German-Israelite Congregation from 1818 to form the Israelite Daughter School . Mary Marcus took over as head of their management. In the educational institution with 400 to 500 students, she introduced a voluntary ninth school year with the Selekta in 1889. The school curriculum followed the model of the Hamburg elementary school, but included additional lessons in foreign languages and literature. Marcus wanted to give all children support that was not influenced by their social situation. In addition, the teaching staff gave lessons in gymnastics and drawing and later in natural history and home economics. In addition, there were intensive language and language lessons that were intended to help the children gain social recognition and integration. In 1894 a school council stated that the school met the requirements of a middle school.
Mary Marcus fought repeatedly against the will of the German-Israelite community, which was the sponsor of the school, but was critical of the education of girls and reforms. She campaigned for the professional development of the female students. Former students established the Mary Marcus Foundation in 1908 , which raised funds for the professional training of female graduates. Marcus made decisive preparatory work for the separation of the school into a private high school and a community school, which was carried out under her successor Alberto Jonas . Your work is considered to be trend-setting for the Hamburg school system.
Mary Marcus was buried in the Jewish cemetery Ilandkoppel in Hamburg-Ohlsdorf in grid square ZZ 9.
The Mary-Marcus-Kehre in Hamburg-Bergedorf has been a reminder of the pedagogue who died in 1930 since 1985 .
literature
- Ursula Randt : Marcus, Mary . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 1 . Christians, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-7672-1364-8 , pp. 197-198 .
Web links
- Biography with portrait at garten-der-frauen.de
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Marcus, Mary |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Marcus, Mirjam; Marcus, Marianne |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German headmistress |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 16, 1844 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hamburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 22, 1930 |
| Place of death | Hamburg |