Mathias Koenen
Mathias Koenen (born March 3, 1849 in Bedburg ; † December 26, 1924 in Berlin ) was a German civil engineer and one of the founders of reinforced concrete construction (reinforced concrete construction) and is called the "spiritual father of German reinforced concrete construction".
Live and act
Koenen passed the 2nd state examination in 1879 and then worked as a civil engineer with the rank of government master builder ( assessor ) in the state Prussian building administration. From 1885 onwards he was a design engineer and chief structural engineer for the construction of the Berlin Reichstag , in which reinforced concrete construction was used for the first time on a larger scale. In addition, he ran an engineering office in Berlin that dealt with difficult engineering structures. So was z. For example, an iron circus building for 4,000 spectators (Circus Krembser) was built on Friedrich-Karl-Ufer according to his designs in 1886/1887 .
On November 20, 1886, Koenen was the first to publish a treatise on the bending dimensioning of a reinforced concrete slab in the “Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung” (“Basic Thoughts of Dimensioning”), which contained an empirical dimensioning method for the steel inserts. In 1887 the publication appeared again in the brochure “The Monier System, Iron Framework with Cement Covering” by Gustav Adolf Wayss , a Berlin engineer and building contractor who had acquired the patent for reinforced concrete (Monier constructions). As a government builder, Koenen was involved in the load tests that Wayss carried out on a larger scale on reinforced concrete. With this, Koenen and Wayss created the first basis for the calculation of reinforced concrete beams. It was his achievement to recognize that the Monier constructions were subjected to significant bending stresses. After 1890, these principles were also expanded by other engineers such as Emil Mörsch . Gradually, norms and formulas were developed on a scientific basis. Reinforced concrete (now called reinforced concrete) became more and more important.
In addition to his teaching activities, Koenen was the technical director of Beton- und Monierbau AG, formerly GA Wayß & Co. and became its director in 1891.
In 1898 he was a founding member of the German Concrete Association.
From 1907, at the suggestion of Mathias Koenen at the Technical University of Stuttgart, the first tests were carried out with reinforcement concreted in the tensioned state. However, the pretensioning force applied was almost completely ineffective due to the low steel tension of 60 N / mm² due to shrinkage and creep. In 1908 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Dresden .
In 1921 Koenen published an essay in which he describes how he dealt with Joseph Monier about the arrangement of the iron in concrete.
In 1929, Max Förster wrote in his obituary for Koenen that he was an “excellent structural engineer and a brilliantly talented designer”.
The Koenenschen Voutendecke is named after Mathias Koenen , a heavy-duty reinforced concrete ceiling construction that was used, among other things, in the commercial building for the civil departments of the Berlin I Regional Court and the Berlin I District Court .
Fonts
- Basic features of the static calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Berlin 1912 (4th edition).
literature
- Erich Bornemann: Koenen, Matthias. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 330 f. ( Digitized version ).
- M. Förster: Mathias Koenen, the spiritual father of reinforced concrete construction. - in: Civil engineer 1929.
- M. Förster: Final word to the question "Mathias Koenen the old master of modern reinforced concrete construction". - in: Der Bauingenieur 1930, issue 21.
- F. Schlueter: Mathias Koenen. - in: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau 1923.
- T. Jürges: The development of bending, shear and deformation design in reinforced concrete construction and its application in structural engineering. Aachen 2000. ( Electronic resource of the German National Library )
- Karl-Eugen Kurrer : The History of the Theory of Structures. Searching for Equilibrium. Ernst & Sohn , Berlin 2018, pp. 504f., 525, 614, 666ff. u. 674ff., ISBN 978-3-433-03229-9 .
Web links
- The history of steel and prestressed concrete construction (PDF file; 198 kB)
- Concrete construction - history of reinforced concrete (PDF file; 6.77 MB)
- Thomas Jürges, The development of bending, shear and deformation design in reinforced concrete construction and its application in structural theory, dissertation, RWTH Aachen 2000, pdf
Individual evidence
- ↑ Detert / Ballenstedt: Architecture 1900, Volume 1: Entertainment and training, theater, circus, panoramas, hall buildings, club houses, sports facilities , Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag Mannheim, ISBN 3-938622-43-1 , p. 174 - 175
- ↑ Honorary doctoral students of the TH / TU Dresden. Technical University of Dresden, accessed on February 7, 2015 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Koenen, Mathias |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Koenen, Matthias |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German civil engineer, founder of iron or reinforced concrete construction and "spiritual father of German reinforced concrete construction" |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 3, 1849 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bedburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 26, 1924 |
| Place of death | Berlin |