Maughold stone

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Maughold stone with runes and Ogham symbols

The Maughold Stone is a slab of both runic and Ogham markings that was found in 1900 during extensive repair work on the wall of the Parish Church of Maughold , Isle of Man . This stone slab was brought to the historian Philip Moore Callow Kermode by the pastor of the church in December 1900.

Find description

The stone slab is 33 cm long, 33 cm wide and 6.4 cm thick. The individual runes are each 3.8 cm high. The width and depth of the incisions are each about 0.8 mm. The runic inscription, which consists of a sentence and the first 15 (instead of the 16) characters of the younger runic row, is carved with the short branch runes of the younger Futhark . The words in the sentence are separated by little crosses instead of the vertical dots that are usually used. The last character ᛚ (l) of the almost complete runic row on the stone is immediately followed by a small cross as the final character of the entire runic inscription. Thus, the otherwise usual last character ᛦ of the younger Futhark, which is an R formed with the palate ( palatal sound), cannot have been broken off. The scribe probably left it out deliberately, as the Palatal-R had become superfluous due to the change in linguistic sound.

Maughold-Stein: Marking of the inscriptions

Runic inscription:

ᛁᚢᛆᚿ᛬ ᛓᚱᛁᛌᛐ᛬ ᚱᛆᛁᛌᛐᛁ᛬ ᚦᛁᛌᛁᚱ᛬ ᚱᚢᚿᚢᚱ
(ᚠ) ᚢᚦᚭᚱᚴᚽᚿᛁᛆᛌᛐᛓᛘᛚ᛭

Transmission:

(i) uan: brist: raisti: þisir: runur
(f) uþorkhniastbml +

Translation of the sentence:

John, the priest, carved these runes.

The first 10 characters of the Ogham series are located on the stone slab below the runes. The individual characters are very clear and incised straight.

Ogham inscription:

᚛ᚁᚂᚃᚄᚅᚆᚇᚈᚉᚊ 

Transmission:

BLFSNHDTCQ

Dating

Priest Iuan also carved the runes of an inscription on another stone found at Keeill Woirrey in Parish Maughold, which could be dated after 1148. The runic writing is very likely to have originated from or after the middle of the 12th century, which is undisputed in research.

On the other hand, experts judge the incision of the Ogham characters very inconsistently. The dates range from 820 to 1190. However, research is fairly unanimous that the Ogham incision must have been made well before the runic inscription was made.

Lost property

The find used to be in the Manx Museum in Douglas , the capital of the Isle of Man. Today the find is in the Cross House in Maughold.

literature

  • PMC Kermode: Manx Crosses . East Central London / Derby 1907
  • PMC Kermode: Note on the Ogam and Latin Inscriptions from the Isle of Man, and a recently found Bilingual in Celtic and Latin . In: Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland , vol. 45 (1910-1911), Edinburgh 1911
  • Raymond Ian Page: Runes and Runic Inscriptions . In: Collected Essays on Anglo-Saxon and Viking Runes . Woodbridge 1998 (reprinted 1995 edition)
  • Dirk H. Steinforth: The Scandinavian settlement on the Isle of Man. An archaeological and historical study of the early Viking Age in the Irish Sea . In: Supplementary volumes to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde , 92, Berlin 2015
  • Sabine Ziegler: The language of the old Irish Ogam inscriptions . In: Historische Sprachforschung (Historical Linguistics) , Supplement 36, Göttingen 1994

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ PMC Kermode: Note on the Ogam and Latin Inscriptions from the Isle of Man, and a recently found Bilingual in Celtic and Latin . In: Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland , vol. 45 (1910-1911), Edinburgh 1911, p. 440
  2. ↑ Philip Moore Callow Kermode - Life and Work
  3. ↑ PMC Kermode: Manx Crosses . East Central London / Derby 1907, p. 213
  4. ↑ PMC Kermode: Manx Crosses . East Central London / Derby 1907, p. 214
  5. ^ Raymond Ian Page : Runes and Runic Inscriptions . In: Collected Essays on Anglo-Saxon and Viking Runes . Woodbridge 1998 (reprinted 1995), p. 236
  6. ↑ Dirk H. Steinforth: The Scandinavian settlement on the Isle of Man. An archaeological and historical study of the early Viking Age in the Irish Sea . In: Supplementary volumes to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde , 92, Berlin 2015, p. 283
  7. ↑ PMC Kermode: Manx Crosses . East Central London / Derby 1907, pp. 212–214, with photo
  8. ↑ In addition to the already mentioned PMC Kermode (1855–1932) and Dirk H. Steinforth, Peter Damian McManus and Raymond Ian Page (1924–2012) also represent this dating from after 1248 as the time of origin of the runic inscription.
  9. ↑ BR Megaw comes in 1950 to 1190 as the year Ogham was labeled, Marshall Cubbon  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (1924–2012) decided in 1982 for the year 820 (1971 he came to the period 766–933) and Kenneth Hurlstone Jackson (1909–1991) gives 800–899.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk  
  10. ^ In contrast to this, the British sinologist Andrew Christopher West (* 1960) on his website The Ogham Stones of the Isle of Man .
  11. ↑ Cross House: Description with photos - in English
  12. ↑ Information on what was found