Mouth brooding fighting fish
| Mouth brooding fighting fish | ||||||||||||
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Mouth brooding fighting fish ( Betta pugnax ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Betta pugnax | ||||||||||||
| ( Cantor , 1849) |
The mouth-brooding fighting fish ( Betta pugnax ) is an Asian freshwater fish from the group of labyrinth fish (Anabantoidei), which lives in the west of the Malay Peninsula and on Penang and Pulau Langkawi in the Strait of Malacca , and possibly also in the south of the Malay Peninsula, on Bangka and Belitung and occurs in a small area in western Sumatra ( Jambi province ). The species is considered harmless.
features
The fish reach a length of 9 to 10 cm. They have an elongated, laterally slightly flattened body, a pointed head and a high tail. The back profile is only slightly curved. The dorsal fin lies behind the center of the body. The basic color of the mouth-brooding fighting fish is variable and can be brown to yellow-brown, red-brown or blue-gray. On the sides of the body from the snout to the base of the tail there are two longitudinal bands, which are bordered yellow-brown above and below. The neck and top of the head are yellow-brown. The fins are yellowish and brown in color. In the males, the unpaired fins and the pelvic fins are elongated and pointed. The anal fin has a black border, underneath is a narrow red band. The underside of your head has a metallic green shine. The females are less colorful, the pelvic fins are short, and the dorsal and caudal fins are rounded.
- Fins formula : dorsal I – II / 7–10, anal II / 22–26, pectoral 12, ventral I / 5.
- Scale formula : mLR: 28–31.
Way of life
The mouth-brooding fighting fish lives in small, slow to fast flowing small rivers and streams and lives close to the ground, especially under overhanging bank vegetation, between sunken branches or near the fall foliage layer. The eggs are protected in the mouth by the male until the fry hatch.
Systematics
The mouth-brooding fighting fish was first scientifically described in 1849 by the Danish zoologist Theodore Edward Cantor under the name Macropodus pugnax . The island of Penang in the Strait of Malacca was given as a type location . Later authors classified the species in the genus of fighting fish ( Betta ), where the mouth-brooding fighting fish became the eponymous species of the Pugnax group of forms . Betta brederi ("Javanese mouth brooder "), described in 1935 by the American ichthyologist George Sprague Myers , is now considered a synonym for Betta pugnax .
supporting documents
- ↑ Betta pugnax in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2019. Posted by: Low, BW, 2019. Retrieved on November 6 of 2019.
- ↑ Günther Sterba : Freshwater fish of the world. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 . Page 846 a. 847.
- ↑ a b Hans-Joachim Richter: The book of the labyrinth fish. Verlag J. Neumann-Neudamm, 1983, ISBN 3-7888-0292-8 . Pages 84, 86 u. 87.
- ↑ Betta pugnax on Fishbase.org (English)
- ↑ Betta pugnax in the Catalog of Fishes (English)
- ↑ Bhinyo Panijpan, Chanon Kowasupat, Parames Laosinchai, Pintip Ruenwongsa, Amornrat Phongdara, Saengchan Senapin, Warapond Wanna, Kornsunee Phiwsaiya, Jens Kühne and Frédéric Fasquel: Southeast Asian mouth-species-brooding Betta-based fighting fish relationships and their relationships based on Teliformeostei : Perciformeostei: Perciformeostei on mitochondrial COI and nuclear ITS1 DNA sequences and analyzes. Meta genes. 2014; 862-879. doi: 10.1016 / j.mgene.2014.10.007