Flour cups

Flour cups
Yellow ocher flour cup ( Cenangium ferruginosum )
Systematics
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina) Class : Leotiomycetes Order : Helotials Family : Helotiaceae Genre : Flour cups
Scientific name
Cenangium
Fr.

The flour cups ( Cenangium ) form a genus of the Helotiales .

features

The flour cups are generally small, blackish mushrooms that break out on branches under the bark. Characteristic for the genus is the leathery nature of the apothecium and the grainy, floury structure of the outside, which is not hairy. It consists of round, brown-walled cells, some of which are detached and thus give the impression of being grainy. The fruit bodies are initially closed, later opened with a rounded or compressed lip-shaped mouth, cup-shaped, rimmed. The fruit layer is thick, waxy, differently colored and forms four- or eight-pore asci with paraphyses in between. The elliptical spores are one or two-celled. In the secondary fruit form, smaller single- or multi-chambered pycnidia with so-called stylospores are formed , usually with a pore open at the tip . These are linear, pointed on both sides, often multicellular; or sausage-shaped or straight.

ecology

The flour cups mostly live saprophytically on dead wood of coniferous and deciduous trees and play a role in the decomposition of dead wood and thus cause a return of nutrients and minerals into the soil. Nevertheless, some species can, under certain circumstances, trigger a decline in shoots in severely weakened trees, such as the ocher-yellow flour cup or Cenangium atropurpureum .

Systematics

Around 20 species are known in Central Europe. The genus Encoelia is related , which usually produces larger fruiting bodies . Most of the species are rare. For Austria, for example, only the ocher-yellow flour cup and the pine flour cup are known, with only one location being given for the latter in Upper Austria. Some of the species described are also assigned to Encoelia , Hysterium , Tympanis or Clithris .

Cenangium abchaziae Cenangium abietina Cenangium abietis Cenangium acerinum Cenangium aceris Cenangium aceris-tatarici Cenangium acicola Pine flour cups ( Cenangium acutum ) Cenangium acuum Cenangium aequinoctiale Cenangium aeruginosum Cenangium aggregatum Cenangium alboatrum Cenangium alneum Cenangium alnicola Cenangium alniellum Cenangium alpinum Cenangium andromedae Cenangium androsaemi Cenangium aparines Cenangium apertum Cenangium asterinospora Cenangium atrofuscum Cenangium atropurpureum Cenangium aureum Cenangium australe Cenangium balsameum Cenangium berberidis Cenangium betulae Cenangium betulinum Cenangium bicolor Cenangium blumeanum Cenangium botryosum Cenangium brasiliense Cenangium bullatum Cenangium caespitosum Cenangium caliciiforme Cenangium carpathicum Cenangium carpini Cenangium cassandrae Cenangium castaneae Cenangium catervatum Cenangium cephalanthi Cenangium cerasi Cenangium chlorascens Cenangium chlorellum Cenangium chlorescens Cenangium chrysoprasum Cenangium cinnamomeum Cenangium clandestinum Cenangium clavatum Cenangium colensoi Cenangium compressum Cenangium concinnum Cenangium confusum Cenangium congesta Cenangium conglobatum Cenangium contortum Cenangium coryli Cenangium crataegi Cenangium craterium Cenangium cumulatum Cenangium deformatum Cenangium difforme Cenangium dimorphum Cenangium dolosum Cenangium empetri Cenangium enteroxanthum Cenangium episphaerium Cenangium fallax Cenangium farinaceum Cenangium fatiscens Yellow ocher flour cup ( Cenangium ferruginosum ) Cenangium fibrisedum

Cenangium fissum Cenangium flavorubrum Cenangium fraxini Cenangium fuckelii Cenangium fuliginosum Cenangium fuscum Cenangium glabrum Cenangium globularis Cenangium graddonii Cenangium graminum Cenangium griseum Cenangium grisewae Cenangium helotioides Cenangium helvolum Cenangium heteropatelloides Cenangium hippophaës Cenangium hypochlorum Cenangium hypodermium Cenangium ilicinum Cenangium impudicellum Cenangium inconstans Cenangium inculcatum Cenangium japonicum Cenangium juglandis Cenangium kazachstanicum Cenangium labiatarum Cenangium laminare Cenangium laminosum Cenangium leoninum Cenangium leptospermum Cenangium ligni Cenangium lignicola Cenangium luteogriseum Cenangium luteolum Cenangium magnoliae Cenangium maydis Cenangium melanophaeum Cenangium microspermum Cenangium mutatum Cenangium naucosum Cenangium negerianum Cenangium nigrofuscum Cenangium nitidum Cenangium olivaceonigrum Cenangium opulinum Cenangium padi Cenangium pallidoflavescens Cenangium palmatum Cenangium paradoxum Cenangium paraense Cenangium parasiticum Cenangium patella Cenangium patellatum Cenangium pelidnum Cenangium pezizoides Cenangium pilatii Cenangium pinastri Cenangium pini Cenangium pini-densiflorae Cenangium piri Cenangium pithyum Cenangium platascum Cenangium polygonium Cenangium populinum Cenangium populneum Cenangium potentillae Cenangium pruinosum Cenangium prunastri Cenangium pulveraceum Cenangium pulvis Cenangium punctoideum Cenangium purpureum Cenangium pustula Cenangium pyrinum Cenangium quercicola Cenangium quercinum

Cenangium radulicola Cenangium raineri Cenangium ravenelii Cenangium recurvum Cenangium regulare Cenangium rehmii Cenangiumreichenbachii Cenangium repandum Cenangium rhenanum Cenangium rhois Cenangium ribicola Cenangium rosaceum Cenangium rosae Cenangium rosulatum Cenangium rubi Cenangium rubiginellum Cenangium rubiginosum Cenangium rugosum Cenangium russum Cenangium sabalidis Cenangium salicellum Cenangium salicis Cenangium salignum Cenangium sambuci Cenangium sarothamni Cenangiumschenckii Cenangium schweinitzii Cenangium sebastianiae Cenangium sequoiae Cenangium seriatum Cenangium singulare Cenangium sophorae Cenangium sphaeriaemorphum Cenangium sphaeroides Cenangium spiraeae Cenangium staphyleae Cenangium sticticum Cenangium strasseri Cenangium striatulum Cenangium striatum Cenangium strobi Cenangium strobilinum Cenangium subnitidum Cenangium syringae Cenangium tahitiense Cenangium tegulare Cenangium tennesseense Cenangium thapsi Cenangium thymi Cenangium tremellosum Cenangium tremulae Cenangium triangulare Cenangium dreary Cenangium tryblidioides Cenangium tuberculiforme Cenangium tumorum Cenangium turgidum Cenangium ulicis Cenangium ulmi Cenangium umbellatarum Cenangium urceolatum Cenangium urceolus Cenangium ustale Cenangium vaccinii Cenangium vagabundum Cenangium vernicosum Cenangium viburni Cenangium viburni Cenangium viticola Cenangium xylariicola Cenangium yuccae

supporting documents

• Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms . BLV Buchverlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-8354-0053-5
• TFL Nees von Esenbeck , CG Nees von Esenbeck , ACF Henry, T. Bail : The system of mushrooms . Henry and Cohen Verlag, Ghent 1837. Digitized by Google in 2007.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The system of mushrooms: Cenangium
2. ↑ Cornell University: Plant disease diagnostic clinic: Cenangium canker (PDF; 218 kB)
3. ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria
4. ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria
5. ^ Index Fungorum. Retrieved February 23, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Flour Cups ( Cenangium )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files