Helotiaceae
| Helotiaceae | ||||||||||||
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Lemon yellow brushwood cup ( Bisporella citrina ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Helotiaceae | ||||||||||||
| Rehm |
The Helotiaceae form a family of mushrooms within the order of the Helotiales .
features
The Helotiaceae form small to medium-sized disc-shaped or cup-shaped apoothecia as fruiting bodies , which are often vividly colored. The excipulum consists of parallel or interwoven hyphae with more or less distant septa . The layer between the tubes consists of simple paraphyses . The tubes themselves are normally thin-walled and cylindrical, and not significantly thickened at the tip with a small but distinguishable amyloid (which can be stained with iodine) or inyamyloid apical ring . The ascospores are small, elliptical or elongated and can be septate or unseptate. A stroma is not usually formed. Secondary crop forms occur only in a few genera; but if they exist, they are very diverse.
ecology
Helotiaceae are widespread in tropical and temperate areas. Most species are saprotrophic on herbaceous or woody plants. Some species also live on other mushrooms. There are also pests that cause economic damage, such as Gremmeniella abietina on pine trees or the red burner in viticulture . Several species form a mycorrhiza .
Systematics
Heinrich Rehm described the family as Helotiae in 1886 . Gustav Lindau was the first to use the name Helotiaceae in 1893. The former type genus Helotium has now been split up, the name Helotiaceae is therefore a nomen conservandum . The family is polyphyletic and forms at least eight clades . The following genera belong to the Helotiaceae family:
- Allophylaria
- Ameghiniella
- Aquadiscula
- Ascocalyx
- Ascoclavulina
- Ascocoryne
- Ascotremella
- Austrocenangium
- Banksiamyces : Position uncertain
- Belonioscyphella
- Bioscypha
-
Bisporella
- Lemon yellow brushwood cup ( Bisporella citrina )
- Bryoscyphus
- Bulgariella
- Bulgariopsis
- Calloriopsis : Position uncertain
- Calycellinopsis
- Capillipes
- Carneopezizella
- Cenangiopsis
- Cenangium
- Cenangiumella
- Chlorociboria
- Chloroscypha
- Claussenomyces
- Cordierites
- Crocicreas
- Crumenella
- Crumenulopsis
- Cudoniella
- Dencoeliopsis
- Dictyonia
- Discinella
- Encoeliopsis
- Episclerotium
- Erikssonopsis
- Gelatinodiscus
- Gelatinopsis : position uncertain
- Gloeopeziza
- Godronia
- Godroniopsis
- Gorgoniceps
- Grahamiella
- Gremmeniella
- Grimmicola
- Grovesia
- Grovesiella
- Heterosphaeria
- Holmiodiscus
- Hymenoscyphus
- Jacobsonia
- Metapezizella
- Micraspis
- Micropodia : position uncertain
- Mniaecia
- Mollisinopsis
- Mytilodiscus
- Neobulgaria
- Neocudoniella
- Nipterella
- Ombrophila
- Pachydisca : Position uncertain
- Parencoelia
- Parorbiliopsis
- Patinellaria
- Pestalopezia
- Phaeangellina
- Phaeofabraea
- Phaeohelotium
- Physmatomyces : position uncertain
- Pocillum
- Poculopsis
- Polydiscidium
- Pragmopora
- Pseudohelotium
- Pseudopezicula
- Rhizocalyx
- Sageria
- Septopezizella
- Skyathea
- Stamnaria
- Strossmayeria
- Symphyosirinia
- Tatraea
- Thindiomyces
- Tympanis
- Unguiculariopsis
- Velutarina
- Weinmannioscyphus
- Xeromedulla
- Xylogramma
swell
literature
- Paul F. Cannon, Paul M. Kirk: Fungal families of the world . CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2007, ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5 , pp. 155–156 ( available online ).
Individual evidence
- ^ Mycobank, accessed February 20, 2015
- ↑ Zheng Wang, Peter R. Johnston, Susumu Takamatsu, Joseph W. Spatafora, David S. Hibbett: Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Leotiomycetes based on rDNA data. In: Mycologia . tape 98 , 2006, pp. 1065-1075 , doi : 10.3852 / mycologia.98.6.1065 ( Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Leotiomycetes based on rDNA data ).
- ↑ Lumbsch, HT and SM Huhndorf (ed.) 2007: Outline of Ascomycota - 2007. Myconet 13: 1-58. Full text pdf
