Master of the George Guild in Mechelen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Master of the St. George's Guild (attributed to): Emperor Charles V as a two-year-old together with his sisters Eleonore and Isabella. (1502)
Master of the St. George Guild (attributed to): Jan de Mol. Around 1500

As a master of Georg guild in Mechelen or master of St. George guild one is Dutch painter called, considered in 1500 a portrait painter worked.

Naming

The not-known master of the St. George's Guild got his emergency name from a large-format group portrait depicting the members of the Sint-Jorisgilde ( Georgsgilde ) of the Dutch city of Mechelen (German: Mecheln). It shows the members of this civic association together with their patron, St. George . The picture is now in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp .

Works

In addition to the eponymous picture of the citizens' association, a few other portraits are ascribed to the master of the St. George Guild . For example, he probably painted a small-format wooden panel with the image of the future Emperor Charles V (1500–1558) from around 1502 , which shows him as a two-year-old and the three-pass-shaped closed two more panels with the images of his sisters Eleonore (1498–1558) and Isabella (1501-1525) shows. Two similar wooden tablets are also attributed to the portrait artist , a diptych showing the son of Maximilian I of Habsburg and future Spanish King Philip I the Handsome (1478–1506) as a sixteen-year-old and his sister Margarethe at the age of 14. The portraits can now be found in the picture gallery of the Habsburgs of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna .

The master as a portrait painter

Representations of people in medieval painting were largely images of saints and then in the late Gothic period, especially in the Netherlands, portraits of donors and church dignitaries. As an emerging genre of its own , portrait painting began in the Renaissance, the naturalistic and individual representation of the individual. Portraits are painted for important political nobles as well as bourgeois dignitaries and private individuals. The first group portraits of civil associations were also made in the Netherlands. The master of the St. George guild and his eponymous work are an example of a self-confident commissioned work by such groups. The children's portraits of the master and their depiction of a future king or emperor are still a specialty around 1500 and give rise to the idea that the master of the St. George's guild was at least temporarily active as a court portrait painter of the early Renaissance for the emerging Habsburg dynasty. As can be seen in the picture gallery of the Habsburgs in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, he is at the beginning of a series of painters who were supposed to document the uninterrupted claim to power of this family and who were later able to collect painters like Rembrandt and Velázquez for it. Family pictures and also pictures of children underline the uninterrupted will and the preparation of a willingness to rule and document their family connections.

identification

Possibly the master of the St. George guild is identical with the painter Baudouin van Battel , who can be traced back to the end of the 15th century in Mechelen and who as the official painter of the city for these coats of arms and probably also some of the portraits of the dignitaries of the City and its civic associations painted. These pictures also document the representation of worldly prestige, of the power and wealth of the city and its inhabitants.

literature

  • Société Royale des Beuxs-Arts (ed.): Messager des sciences historiques, ou Archives des arts et de la bibliographie de Belgique 1878 . Gent 1878 (Reprint 2011)
  • Max J. Friedländer : The Old Dutch Painting XV. (Closing tape). Pieter Bruegel and supplements to the earlier volumes . Leiden 1937
  • Maria-Jose Rodriguez-Salgado: Charles V and the Dynasty . In: Hugo Soly, W. Blockmanns (Ed.): Karl V. and his time. 1500-1558. Cologne 2000 pp. 27–111.
  • Christian Kahl: The apprenticeship of an emperor - stages in the personal development of Charles V (1500–1558). A consideration of the Habsburg prince education / training at the end of the Middle Ages (dissertation, abridged version). Trier 2008 ( pdf in online edition , accessed June 2011)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max J. Friedländer: The old Dutch painting XV. (Closing tape). Pieter Bruegel and supplements to the earlier volumes . Leiden 1937
  2. ↑ cf. khm - Schloss ambrass: The Habsburg portrait gallery. Website of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna ( Memento of the original dated February 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.khm.at
  3. ↑ see also Christian Kahl: Apprenticeship years of an emperor . Trier 2008
personal data
SURNAME Master of the George Guild in Mechelen
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Master of the St. George Guild
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch painter
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 16th Century