Master of the high altar of St. Jacob

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The Gothic high altar of St. Jakob in Nuremberg. approx. 1360–1370, when closed

As a master of the high altar of St. Jakob is Gothic painter referred to the 1360-1370 the images to the high altar of the former German monastery church St. Jakob in Nuremberg has created. The high altar , which is still today in the Protestant church now is one of the oldest preserved wing retable in southern Germany and the oldest surviving Nuremberg high altar.

The images of the two wings of the three-part altar are painted with tempera and gilding on wood. The outsides show the adoration of the kings and the crucifixion of Christ with John the Evangelist and James the Elder . The altar was donated by two members of the Teutonic Order who are portrayed kneeling under the cross on the Passion picture. The pictures on the inside show the Annunciation and Coronation of Mary as well as the Resurrection of Christ , above each apostle and prophet . The wings surround the central shrine, which depicts a carved Man of Sorrows surrounded by angels . In the predella of the high altar sit four Tonapostel who are assigned to the master of the Nuremberg apostles .

The paintings are closely related to the Bohemian painting style of the same period and show the influences of the Prague court of Charles IV on the developments in Nuremberg in the 14th century, even if the master’s pictures as well as comparable other pictures by Nuremberg painters of the Gothic art in one typical local business-like style and are painted with bourgeois simplicity. Thus they differ from the panel paintings of the 14th century in Bohemia, which follow a Byzantine formal tradition.

The master of the high altar of St. Jakob is supposed to be identical with Sebald Weinschröter or to have worked in his environment. Weinschröter, who died in 1364 or 1370, was a Nuremberg court painter to Emperor Charles IV and resident in Nuremberg.

The master of the high altar of St. Jakob is also assigned the epitaph for Friedrich Mengot, painted around 1370 in the Heilsbronn Cistercian Church .

literature

  • Albert Gümbel : Sebald Weinschröter, a Nuremberg court painter to Emperor Charles IV. In: Repertory for art history. Volume 27, 1904, pp. 13-23 ( digitized version) and p. 512-514 ( digitized version ).
  • Hermann Beenken : On the paintings of the high altar of St. Jakob in Nuremberg. In: Journal for Art History. Volume 2, 1933, pp. 323-332
  • Kurt Pilz: Nuremberg, its art and its artists 1050–1950. Volume I: 1050-1450. Nuremberg 1965, p.
  • Manfred H. Grieb (Hrsg.): Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon : Visual artists, artisans, scholars. Saur, Munich 2007, p. 998.
  • Jiři Fajt: The Nuremberg painter Sebald Weinschröter in the network of imperial court and patriciate (1349–1365 / 70) (unpublished habilitation thesis). Berlin 2009

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Jiři Fajt: The Nuremberg painter Sebald Weinschröter in the network of the imperial court and patriciate (1349–1365 / 70) (unpublished habilitation thesis). Berlin 2009.
  2. ↑ Emmanuel Bénézit : Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays . Volume 10, Paris 1976, pp.?; Albert Gümbel: Sebald Weinschröter, a Nuremberg court painter to Emperor Charles IV. In: Repertory for art history. Volume 27, 1904, pp. 13-23. 512-514.
  3. ↑ Berndt Hamm: Religiosity in the late Middle Ages: Poles of tension, new beginnings, norms. Tübingen 2011, p. 580 (picture attachment).
personal data
SURNAME Master of the high altar of St. Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Master of the high altar of St. Jakob in Nuremberg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Gothic painter
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
DATE OF DEATH 14th Century