Melaspileaceae

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Melaspileaceae
Melaspilea lentiginosa on two types of script lichen

Melaspilea lentiginosa on two types of script lichen

Systematics
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Dothideomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Eremithallales
Family : Melaspileaceae
Scientific name of the  order
Eremithallales
Lücking & Lumbsch
Scientific name of the  family
Melaspileaceae
Walt. Watson

The Melaspileaceae are a family of sac fungi that alone make up the order Eremithallales .

features

The Melaspileaceae have slit-shaped or rounded fruiting bodies with a dark brown to black excipulum that is not limited by a bearing . The camp itself is usually thin and crust-shaped. The spores are mostly brown, often initially translucent and simply septate . In the lichen-forming or lichen-dwelling species, the photobiont is usually a representative of the genus Trentepohlia or a related species .

Way of life

The known species of Melaspileaceae live as lichens , lichens- dwelling or saprobic .

Systematics and taxonomy

The position of the family and the individual genera was controversial until 2017. The Melaspileaceae were described as a family by Walter Watson as early as 1929 and long regarded as belonging to the order Arthoniales , the order Eremithallales with the only family Eremithallaceae, however, only in 2008 by Robert Lücking and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch , around the only species Eremithallus costaricensis , a lichen-forming species, classify. Then in 2016 Damien Ertz and Paul Diederich recognized that Eremithallus costaricensis is phylogenetically within the Melaspileaceae, so the name Eremithallaceae is only a synonym . The type genus is Melaspilea . A relationship between the Erimithallales and the Lichinales has not been confirmed; they are therefore of uncertain position within the class of the Dothideomycetes .

At the moment (as of October 2018) only the following four genera belong to the family:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Damien Ertz, Paul Diederich: Dismantling Melaspileaceae: a first phylogenetic study of Buelliella, Hemigrapha, Karschia, Labrocarpon and Melaspilea . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 71 , 2015, p. 141–164 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-015-0321-1 ( springer.com [PDF]).
  2. ↑ a b Lücking, R .; Lumbsch, HT; di Stefano, JF; Lizano, D .; Carranza, J .; Bernecker, A .; Chaves, JL; Umaña, L .: Eremithallus costaricensis (Ascomycota: Lichinomycetes: Eremothallales), a new fungal lineage with a novel lichen symbiotic lifestyle discovered in an urban relict forest in Costa Rica. In: Symbiosis . tape 46 , 2008, ISSN  0334-5114 , p. 141-160 ( cabdirect.org [PDF]).
  3. ↑ a b Melaspileaceae . In: MycoBank . Mycobank, accessed October 2, 2018 .
  4. ^ OE Eriksson (Ed.): Outline of Ascomycota - 2006 In: Myconet , Volume 12, 2006, pp. 1-82. (online html)
  5. ↑ Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Kevin D. Hyde, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Jian Kui Liu, Sajeewa SN Maharachchikumbura, Anusha H. Ekanayaka, Qing Tian, ​​Rungtiwa Phookamsak: Outline of Ascomycota: 2017 . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 88 , 2018, p. 167-263 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-018-0394-8 .
  6. ^ Robert Lücking, Brendan P. Hodkinson and Steven D. Leavitt: The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota - Approaching one thousand genera . In: The Bryologist . tape 119 , no. 4 , 2017, p. 361-416 , doi : 10.1639 / 0007-2745-119.4.361 ( bioone.org ).

Web links

Commons : Eremithallales  - collection of images, videos and audio files