Merrick B. Garland

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Merrick Garland

Merrick Brian Garland (born November 13, 1952 in Chicago , Illinois ) is an American lawyer. He has been a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit since 1997 .

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Merrick Brian Garland was born in 1952 to Cyril Garland (1915-2000) and his wife Shirley (née Horwitz). The father ran a small advertising company (Garland Advertising), his mother was temporarily the director of the voluntary services of the Council for Jewish Elderly (CJE) in Chicago. The family is Jewish and Merrick Garland was raised along with his two sisters (Heidi and Jill) in the spirit of conservative Judaism .

Garland's roots go back to Tsarist Russia (areas of today's Lithuania and Poland ). Due to growing anti-Semitism, his paternal grandparents left the Pale of Settlement in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century in order to enable their (future) children to have a better, fear-free life in the United States. They initially settled in Iowa , where their two children - Merrick Garland's father Cyril and his sister - were born. The family later moved to Chicago.

Garland first attended Niles West High School in Skokie , a suburb of Chicago. After graduating from this school in 1970, he studied on a scholarship at Harvard University , where he obtained a bachelor's degree in 1974 and graduated from Harvard Law School with a juris doctor degree in 1977 . He was then an employee (law clerk) of Judge Henry Friendly at the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit until 1978 and Judge William Joseph Brennan at the Supreme Court from 1978 to 1979. From 1979 to 1981 Garland was a special assistant at the United States Attorney General . 1981 to 1989 and again 1992 to 1993 he was a lawyer in the law firm Arnold & Porter; in between and from 1993 he again held various functions in the United States Department of Justice .

In 1995 and, after the Senate confirmation process was temporarily put on hold, again in 1997, Garland was nominated by US President Bill Clinton for the post of judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and in March 1997 by the Senate at 76 confirmed against 23 votes.

During the tenure of US President Barack Obama Garland was considered a possible candidate for a judge's office at the Supreme Court . The first replacement, to succeed Judge David Souter , was generally expected to be a woman; Obama nominated Sonia Sotomayor . When Judge John Paul Stevens announced his retirement from the Supreme Court in 2010 , Garland, who is considered a representative of moderate legal positions, was one of the favorites to succeed him. Obama ultimately chose Elena Kagan . On March 16, 2016, Obama nominated Garland to succeed Antonin Scalia, who died on February 13, 2016 . On an earlier occasion, the Republican majority in the US Senate announced that it would block any nomination of Obama in order to allow his successor (who was elected in November 2016 ) to choose. Thus, not only did the Senate fail to vote, but not even a discussion on Garland's appeal. Since consultation via a nominated judge is required by the constitution, it was discussed whether the Senate would have forfeited his consultation rights and Obama could now appoint Garland alone, which he did not, so the nomination expired in January 2017. Obama's successor Donald Trump instead nominated Judge Neil Gorsuch on January 31, 2017 . The occupation of the vacant ninth judge post in the Supreme Court was considered important because of a stalemate between four more liberal and four more conservative judges.

In 2019 Garland was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Garland has been married since 1987. His wife, Lynn, is a granddaughter of Samuel Irving Rosenman , a judge and adviser to US Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman .

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Chicago Tribune November 27, 2000: Cyril Garland's obituary notice
  2. ↑ Chicago Sun Times March 16, 2016: Obama Supreme Court pick: Chicago native Merrick Garland
  3. ^ Jewish Journal March 16, 2016: Merrick Garland's Jewish family: Matzah, prayer shawls and Democratic Party politics
  4. ↑ Heavy March 16, 2016: Merrick Garland's Family: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know
  5. ^ Boston Globe March 16, 2016: Obama Supreme Court nominee Merrick Garland has strong ties to Harvard University
  6. ^ Boston Globe March 16, 2016: Obama Supreme Court nominee Merrick Garland has strong ties to Harvard University
  7. ↑ Chicago Sun Times March 16, 2016: Obama Supreme Court pick: Chicago native Merrick Garland
  8. ^ Result of the vote in the Senate , accessed on April 12, 2010
  9. ^ Profiles of three possible successors to Justice John Paul Stevens , www.latimes.com, April 10, 2010
  10. ^ Robert Barnes: Justice John Paul Stevens announces his retirement from Supreme Court , www.washingtonpost.com, April 10, 2010
  11. ↑ Peter Baker, Jeff Zeleny: Obama Picks Kagan as Justice Nominee , www.nytimes.com, May 10, 2010
  12. ↑ Michael D. Shear, Gardiner Harris: Obama Chooses Merrick Garland for Supreme Court . In: The New York Times . March 16, 2016, ISSN  0362-4331 ( nytimes.com [accessed March 16, 2016]).
  13. ↑ spiegel.de March 16, 2016: Merrick Garland at the Supreme Court: man of moderate tones
  14. ↑ Trump nominates Neil Gorsuch as the new constitutional judge. In: faz.net. February 1, 2017, accessed February 1, 2017 .
  15. ^ Merrick Garland to be Obama's Supreme Court nominee. BBC News, March 16, 2016, accessed March 16, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Lynn Rosenman is married , The New York Times, September 20, 1987
personal data
SURNAME Garland, Merrick B.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Garland, Merrick Brian (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH November 13, 1952
PLACE OF BIRTH Chicago , Illinois