Belgrade Metro
The Belgrade Metro ( Serbian : Београдски метро, Beogradski metro; German : Belgrade U-Bahn) is a public transport system in Belgrade that is being planned . The work on the planning for a subway system in Belgrade's public transport system is now four decades old and has been rejected and re-started several times during this time. As of June 2019, two lines crossing at Savski Trg are planned. The start of construction is scheduled for 2020 or 2021, an opening date is not known.
history
The planning of a subway in Belgrade goes back to the revision of the first master plan for the urban development of Belgrade from 1950. In the revision of the Generalni Urbanistički Plan in the five-year plans 1967–1972 and 1972–1977, instead of individual transport as in 1950, an independent means of mass transport, the metro, was used. In 1972 the then mayor of Belgrade Branko Pešić specified a detailed study for the first metro line, and in 1976 a technical-economic feasibility study was presented, which was made binding in the 1977 master plan for urban development. Further preliminary work followed in the period 1977–1982 with the development of an engineering and architectural plan for 18 metro stations for the expansion of the first stage.
For the Metro project, a separate sector was set up in the Belgrade Building Department in 1972 under the direction of Borislav Jovin. The first completed plans of the Metro working group in 1976 provided for the construction of five lines of a classic subway. Since there was no general consensus among the Yugoslav republics for the need for a Belgrade subway, the project was officially closed in 1982 as politically impracticable. This ushered in the momentous phase of the dominance of the proponents of a stronger expansion of individual road traffic in favor of a high-capacity public transport system.
The project was officially abandoned for the first time in 1982. The sector in the building department was dissolved; For financial reasons, the new city government withdrew from the metro construction plan in favor of expanding tram and tram traffic and set a new goal with the Agenda With the tram into the 21st century .
In the mid-1990s, the project was revived after the completion of the Belgrade railway junction and the opening of the underground station Vukov spomenik of the Belgrade S-Bahn Beovoz . In 1998 the city council decided to build a bridge over the Save for the underground. The project stalled again due to the aftermath of the war in 1999. From 2002, the original construction of a full-fledged metro was replaced by the project to implement a cheaper light rail system (Београдски лаки метро, Beogradski laki metro; German : Belgrade Stadtbahn), but it was able to especially because of the strong criticism of the Metro lobbyists.
It wasn't until the mayor at the time, Zoran Bürginđić , that the idea revived in 1997. From 2002, a new master plan was presented by the Urbanistički Zavod Beograda for urban development until 2021, which was finalized in 2007-2008 and approved by the city council. The plan recommends the construction of a mass transport system in the form of a BELAM light rail, which is to begin in 2008 with the start of construction on the M1 line. A feasibility study by the companies INECO and JUGINUS for line 1 was carried out in 2006. In 2006 a feasibility study was carried out for a cheaper and smaller light rail system called BELAM or Laki Metro (LRT Light Railway Train , German: Stadtbahn ) with three lines, which was now favored at the time . In doing so, the lines completely followed the route developed in 1976 under the leadership of Branislav Jovin between Vukov Spomenik – Terazije – Novi Beograd, and between Autokomanda – Prokop – Skupština and Kalemegdan. Today another line is planned over the Novi Savski Most or Most na Adi bridge, which has been under construction since the beginning of December 2008 .
Mayor Dragan Đilas affirmed in October 2008 that an LRT system is only one variant for the final version of the subway in Belgrade to be determined . For the first time, he spoke out clearly in favor of the expansion of an independent rail system and announced the completion of planning after a two-month consultation and decision-making phase and the start of construction of the Belgrade subway in 2009. He promised swift completion after a construction phase of around eight years and costs of around one billion euros (opening planned for 2016 at the earliest).
The plans for the construction of a subway for Belgrade were fetched from the archives after two decades at the end of 2008 and determine the public discussion and political agendas of future transport planning. In the meantime, the priority of subway construction is also being negotiated internationally at the highest political level and several countries have offered their expertise and have expressed financial interest.
The fact that the pendulum is swinging in the direction of planning in favor of a classic subway can also be seen in the fact that the city will convene a commission of experts, which will act as an advisory body to the city administration, headed by experts from large subway systems in Europe (Munich and Vienna) becomes. This is intended to defuse the politicized debate between the two camps in favor of a light rail and an underground train (headlines in the press mocked the political slogan With the tram into the 21st century ) and to follow more economic criteria.
There is now interest in the project from both the Chinese and Russian sides. Russian participation in the construction of the subway was also discussed at the highest political level. Initial contacts were made through the Russian Economic Commission, which was in Belgrade at the beginning of December 2008 under the leadership of Russian President Envoy Georgij Sergejevič Poltavčenko and Gazprom Director Alexej Miller . According to Poltavčenko, the representatives of the newly formed Russian-Serbian economic group are showing interest in financing the future metro. The Mayor of Belgrade Dragan Đilas was therefore invited to Moscow for mid-December 2008 for further consultations.
The practice of leaving the previously unsuccessful implementation of the metro to the city alone is due to the initiative to declare the metro project one of the three most important goals of infrastructure improvement in Serbia (road, rail and metro) and as a project of national interest tender, has meanwhile been placed on a higher political level by the newly formed working group with the participation of Mayor Dragan Đilas and the ministers Milutin Mrkonjć (infrastructure), Verica Kalinović (investments) and Oliver Dulić (finances).
According to the Minister for Infrastructure Milutin Mrkonjić, the route will come very close to the specifications from the plans of the 1970s. For line 1 from Vukov Spomenik via Tašmajdan, Skupština to Fontana in Novi Beograd, a combined street-underground bridge over the Sava would be necessary. The second line would lead to the Autokomanda via the Kalemegdan, Skupština and Prokop. As Milutin Mrkonjić already pointed out on October 17, 2008 when visiting the Vukov Spomenik railway station after the signing of the protocol for the continuation of the construction of the Belgrade Central Railway Station and Belgrade railway junction, a section of the has apparently already existed since the completion of the Vukov Spomenik station Line 1 tunnels.
On November 18, 2011, the governments of France and Serbia signed a letter of intent for the construction of a Belgrade metro, which was to be built by the French company Alstom transport . Both governments were in favor of this, since relations between Serbia and France are centuries old. The M1 line will start at Tvornička ulica ( German : Tvornička street ) in Zemun and end at Ustanička ulica ( German : Ustanička street ). The line was last scheduled to open in 2017.
There is still no date for the completion of lines 2 and 3. According to the plan for the future line 2, the metro starts at Pravni fakultet ( German : Faculty of Law ) and ends at the Hipodrom station ( horse racing track ). The future line Metro 3 runs from the station Proleterske solidarnosti and ends at the station Požeška ulica ( German : Požeška street ). Changeover crosses are planned at the stations Proleterske solidarnosti in the Novi Beograd district ( German : New Belgrad ), Pravni fakultet ( German : Faculty of Law ) and the Vukov spomenik train station . At the Pravni Faculty station you would be able to change to the future M2. At the station Proleterske solidarnosti there would be the possibility to change to the future line M3. The Vukov Spomenik station also serves as a transfer point for the Beovoz (Belgrade S-Bahn).
Line network
line 1
Line 1 will run from Železnik via Savski Trg and Pančevački most to Mirijevo . A length of 21.3 kilometers with 23 stations is planned.
Line 2
Line 2 will run from the BG Voz train station in Zemun via Savski Trg to Mirijevo. A length of 19.2 kilometers with 23 stations is planned.
literature
- Biljana Arandjelovic, 2009: Belgrade metro Studies. Urban Challenge, volume 20, no. 1, 201–209 (PDF file; 1.38 MB).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bunk delove Beograda će spajati metro. Retrieved July 4, 2019 (sr-Latn).
- ↑ a b c eKapija: Grad prihvatio finalnu trasu metroa, planiran i tunel ispod Save. Retrieved July 4, 2019 (sr-Latn).
- ↑ nin.co.rs
- ↑ glas-javnosti.rs
- ↑ aas.org.rs ( Memento of the original from May 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ urbel.com ( Memento of the original from January 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ beoland.com ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ politika.rs
- ↑ bfai.de ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ novosti.rs
- ↑ bgdnovine.com ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Metro na Sinama politike Večernje Novosti Dec. 9, 2008.
- ↑ Metro depending realnost Večernje Novosti December 12, 2008.
- ↑ blic.rs ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ politika.rs
- ↑ nin.co.rs
- ↑ blic.rs ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ bfai.de ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ srbija.gov.rs
- ↑ politika.rs
- ↑ rts.rs
- ↑ rts.rs
- ↑ novosti.rs
- ↑ srbija.gov.rs
- ↑ ekapija.com
