Michael of Žamberk

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Michael von Žamberk (also Michael von Senftenberg ; Michael von Bradaczow ; Czech Michal ze Žamberka , Latin Michael Bradacius ; † 1504 ) was initially a clergyman of the Utraquists and from 1467 bishop of the Unity of the Bohemian Brethren .

Life

Michael was initially a priest of the Utraquists and officiated as pastor of Žamberk ( Senftenberg ). From there he also took over pastoral care for the religious community of the Bohemian Brothers in the nearby Kunwald , who had settled here from 1453 with the permission of the Utraquist Jan Rokycana . At that time Kunwald belonged to the Lititz rule and was owned by the later King George of Podebrady . In 1457 Michael moved from Žamberk to the faithful brothers in Kunwald, who initially called themselves "Fratres Legis Christi" ( Brothers of the Law of Christ ). In March 1467 they organized a synod of brothers in nearby Lhotka near Reichenau .

In addition to the renaming in "Unitas Fratrum" ( Unity of the Brothers ) or "Fratres Unitatis" ( United Brothers ) was u. a. decided to choose their own priests and to have them ordained under canon law . Therefore Michael von Žamberk and two other priests, whose names have not been passed down, were sent to the Waldensian Bishop Stephanus, who stayed in hiding in Austria and consecrated them as bishops. After his return, Michael von Žamberk, who held the office of senior, ordained three men elected in March 1467 at the Lhotka Synod as priests in the same year. They were Thomas von Přelouč († 1518), Elias von Křenowitz († 1503) and Matthias von Kunwald , who was ordained bishop after Michael von Žamberk's ordination .

Through the ordination of priests and bishops, the unity of brothers separated from the Utraquists. As a result, the brothers were subjected to renewed persecution. At the behest of King George of Podebrady, Bishop Michael was arrested in 1468 and imprisoned at Lititz Castle. The office of judge ( senior ) was subsequently taken over by Bishop Matthias von Kunwald. After the death of King George of Podebrady and Jan Rokycana, who both died in early 1471, Michael von Žamberk was released.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.archive.org/stream/glossariumillust00bran/glossariumillust00bran_djvu.txt
  2. ^ Johann Samuel Ed .: General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts in alphabetical order. JF Gleditsch, 1823, p. 244. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  3. ↑ According to David Cranz : Alte und Neue Brüder-Historie , p. 91 there was a Waldensian preacher and a Catholic priest.
  4. ↑ Senior or Praeses or Elder was the oldest among the other bishops after the consecration.
  5. ↑ The history of the church known as the Unitas Fratrum (English)
personal data
SURNAME Michael of Žamberk
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Michael von Senftenberg; Michal ze Žamberka (Czech); Michael Bradacius (Latin)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION utraquist priest, bishop of the Bohemian Brethren (from 1467)
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
PLACE OF BIRTH unsure: Brandeis
DATE OF DEATH 1504