Žamberk

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Žamberk
Coat of arms of Žamberk
Žamberk (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Pardubický kraj
District : Ústí nad Orlicí
Area : 1691 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 5 '  N , 16 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '9 "  N , 16 ° 27' 52"  E
Height: 418  m nm
Residents : 6,104 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 564 01
traffic
Railway connection: Chlumec nad Cidlinou – Międzylesie
structure
Status: city
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Ing. Bc. Oldřich Jedlička (as of 2018)
Address: Masarykovo náměstí 166
564 01 Žamberk
Municipality number: 581259
Website : www.zamberk.cz
The town hall

Žamberk (German Senftenberg ) is a city in the Czech Republic in the Pardubický kraj region . It is located in the Divoká Orlice valley at the foot of Kapelský vrch and is also known as the gateway to the Eagle Mountains because of its location .

history

Senftenberg probably originated in the second half of the 13th century on an important trade route from Moravia to Glatz and was first mentioned in 1332. For reasons not known, the Senftenberg estates were divided. Half belonged to the lords of Žampach , the other half to the lords of Litice . The changing owners also included the Bohemian kings John of Luxembourg (1339-1341) and Charles IV (1355-1367 Žampach half) and 1427-1471 Georg von Podiebrad . His son Heinrich d. Ä. sold the indebted lordship Litice, to which half of Senftenberg belonged, in 1495 to Wilhelm II of Pernstein . The next owner was the Wittelsbacher Ernst von Bayern in 1555 , who also owned the neighboring county of Glatz . After his death in 1560, his heirs sold the Litice rule to Nicholas of Bubna ( Mikuláš z Bubna az Litic ) in 1563 . In 1575 he also acquired the half of Senftenberg that belonged to the Žampach estate. Before 1600 he built a Renaissance castle in Senftenberg, which he designated as the seat of the newly formed Senftenberg lordship .

During the Thirty Years War , Senftenberg was largely destroyed by fire. In 1643 the Swedes also burned the castle down. Franz Adam von Bubna ( František Adam z Bubna a Litic ) initiated the reconstruction and gave the city several privileges and facilities. During the Silesian Wars , Senftenberg was occupied several times by both the Prussians and the Habsburgs.

Countess Anna Karolina von Bubna sold the indebted Senftenberg estate in 1809 to Verian Alfred Windisch-Graetz , who had the decrepit castle rebuilt in the style of the Empire .

1815 acquired John Parish , the oldest son of the Hamburg merchant eponymous John Parish castle and rule Senftenberg, which consisted at that time of 20 villages with a total of 15,000 subjects. He was a great patron of science and art and was interested in mathematics and astronomy himself. In 1844 he set up an observatory in Senftenberg, which he equipped with modern equipment. During his reign in 1848 sub-activity was abolished. In 1858 the property was passed to George Parish, who modernized the manorial estates and the manor brewery. His successor, Oscar Parish, was a member of the Bohemian Parliament from 1895. In 1899 he was ennobled with the addition of Senftenberg . After the Second World War, the Parish von Senftenberg family was expropriated. After the Velvet Revolution she got the castle back by way of restitution.

The city was from 1868 to 1918 in the political district Senftenberg in the Kingdom of Bohemia of the Habsburg Monarchy . From 1939 to 1945 she was in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and did not return to Czechoslovakia until 1945 .

Attractions

Baroque church of St. Wenceslas
Marian column
Diviš Theater
  • The Žamberk Castle was built by the Lords of Bubna before 1600 and rebuilt several times.
  • The St. Wenceslas Church was built in the Baroque style between 1729 and 1738.
  • The building of today's city museum was originally built as Catherine Hospital by John Parish in 1845.
  • Market square with town hall , Marian column, market fountain and historical buildings.
  • former synagogue and Jewish cemetery
  • Museum of old machines, http://www.starestroje.cz/ , housed in a historical industrial complex

Personalities

Born in the place

  • Josef Jan Šarapatka (1731–1820), musician and composer
  • Eduard Albert (1841-1900), university professor and surgeon, who exercised his activity mainly in Vienna and with the construction of his villa the foundation for the sanatorium Albertinum put
  • Václav F. Kumpošt (1843–1874), founder of the magazine Weltall (Vesmír)
  • August Seydler (1849–1891), physicist and astronomer
  • František Albert (1856–1923), doctor, writer and translator
  • Tereza Svatová (1858–1940), writer
  • Jan Hejčl (1868–1935), dean of the theological university in Olomouc, researcher and writer
  • František Rous (1872–1936), sculptor
  • Josef Ježek (1884–1969), major general of the gendarmerie, politician and interior minister
  • Josef Knop (1909–1966), General
  • Eduard Landa (1926–2006), painter
  • Petr Eben (1929–2007), composer and teacher

Worked in place

Twin cities

Web links

Commons : Žamberk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ↑ John Parish was raised to the baron class with the title of Baron von Senftenberg in December 1816.
  3. ↑ Among other things, honorary member of the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences ( Handbook of the Kingdom of Bohemia for the year 1846 , Prague, p. 425).
  4. ↑ George Parish was a son of Richard Parish, a brother of John Parish, who had died childless.