Nové Hrady u Skutče

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nové Hrady
Nové Hrady coat of arms
Nové Hrady u Skutče (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Pardubický kraj
District : Ústí nad Orlicí
Area : 673 ha
Geographic location : 49 ° 51 '  N , 16 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 51 '6 "  N , 16 ° 8' 37"  E
Height: 384  m nm
Residents : 305 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 539 45
License plate : E.
traffic
Street: Litomyšl - Luže
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 3
administration
Mayor : Jaromír Raba (as of 2018)
Address: Nové Hrady 123
539 45 Nové Hrady
Municipality number: 571920
Website : www.obecnovehrady.cz
Town center
Church of James the Elder
Nové Hrady Castle
Castle store, now a bicycle museum

Nové Hrady (German Neuschloß ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 13 km west of Litomyšl in Eastern Bohemia and belongs to the Okres Ústí nad Orlicí .

geography

Nové Hrady is located in the valley of the Hradecký creek in the Novohradská stupňovina ( Neuschlosser stepland ). Road II / 358 between Skuteč and Litomyšl runs through the village , from which roads II / 356 to Luže and II / 357 to Proseč branch off in the village . To the north rises the castle hill (441 m nm) with the remains of the Nové Hrady castle, south of the Kamenec (447 m nm). The Údolí Krounky a Novohradky Nature Park extends to the southwest along the Novohradka and its side valleys . To the south lies the sandstone rock area and nature reserve Maštale.

Neighboring towns are Podhořany u Nových HRADU and Příluka in the north, Újezdec and U Tří Kocourů in the Northeast, Chotovice the east, Vidlatá Seč and Nová Ves u Jarošova the southeast, Roudná and Dudychov in the south, Polanka, Zderaz and Březiny in the southwest, Haberka, Hluboká , Střítež and Dolany in the west and Mokrá Lhota and Rybníček in the northwest.

history

The settlement of Boží Dům (place of worship ) originated from a church built by the Litomyšl Benedictines in the middle of the 12th century . After the transfer of the Litomyšl monastery to the Premonstratensians , Boží Dům belonged to the newly founded Benedictine monastery Podlažice . It was first mentioned in a document in 1293.

After the founding of the Litomyšl diocese , recurring property disputes arose between the monastery and the cathedral chapter, which were settled in 1398 by Bishop Johann von Bucca with the transfer of Boží Dům and the Řepine court to the Podlažice monastery. After the destruction of the monastery by the Hussites in 1421, its goods fell into secular hands during the Hussite Wars and were transferred to Wilhelm Kostka von Postupitz by King Sigismund in 1434 together with the possessions of the former diocese of Leitomischl . His son, the captain of the Chrudim district, Zdeniek Kostka from Postupice, had a new castle built on the hill above Boží Dům as the rulership center between 1450 and 1465 , which he called Nový hrad . With Bohuslav Kostka of Postupice († 1557) became extinct in the male sex and the castle fell to the Bohemian crown home .

When Ferdinand I hereditary enfeoffed the castle to Jan Žatecký von Weikersdorf auf Pátek in the land table in 1559 , u. a. the villages Božij Duom , Chotovice , Doubravice, Dvořiště, Javorník , Leština , Libecina , Podhořany, Przyluka , Řepníky , Rybníček, Střemošice , Suchá Lhota , Svařeň and Zádolí . Jan Žatecký died in the same year, his only son Vojtěch around 1563; so that the property fell to his two daughters. After the death of Anna Žatecká von Weikersdorf, married Švihovská von Riesenberg , in 1580 the captain of Prague's Old Town , Nikolaus Popel von Lobkowitz († 1588) acquired the rule of Nový hrad ; In 1583 he bought the Týnec estate and a little later the Bezděkov estate . On his death he left three underage children (Anna, Nikolaus and Jan Viktorin) and high debts. The management of the three estates was taken over by his brother Ladislav the Elder from Lobkowitz, who in 1592 had his wife Maria Magdalena von Salm-Neuburg enter a land charge of 6150 Schock Bohemian Groschen in the country table.

The two sons shared the inheritance after they reached the age of majority in 1594; Nicholas received the castle Nový hrad , his brother Jan Viktorin the festivals Týnec and Bezděkov. The northern villages of Rychta Řepníky Řepníky, Střemošice and Zádolí as well as Svařeň and Libecina were separated from the Nový hrad rule and added to the Týnec rule. In the following years the place name Boží Dům was replaced by Podhrady . At the beginning of the 17th century the rule belonged to Nový hrad Nikolaus Popel von Lobkowitz's sister Anna, from whom her husband, the Lower Austrian governor and marshal of Tyrol Paul Sixtus von Trautson inherited it in 1604 .

During the Bohemian Uprising, the Prague Estates government confiscated the Nový hrad estate on May 2, 1618 to compensate for the severe damage caused by the imperial troops in the Bechiner, Prachiner and Moldavian districts. After the Battle of White Mountain , Trautson regained power. In 1638 the parish was re-established. In 1645, Swedish troops captured the castle and set it on fire. Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson had the church rebuilt in 1724. In 1731 the owner of Nový hrad , Ludwig von Trautson , founded the brewery, which produced until 1924. After Ludwig's death, his brothers Wilhelm, Joseph and Johann initially owned the estate jointly. Bishop Johann Joseph von Trautson, who in the meantime had become the sole owner of Nový hrad , sold the estate to Anna Barbara Harbuval-Chamaré born in 1749 . Baroness von Sannig († 1773). Her son Johann Anton Joseph Harbuval-Chamaré (1737–1808) founded the Bohemian line of the House of Harbuval-Chamaré and had Neuschloß Castle built between 1774 and 1777, surrounded by a 4.85 hectare baroque park . Large parts of the castle were demolished and used as building material. After the castle was built, the name Neuschloß was also transferred to the village. From 1808, the rule under the tutelage of the widow Marie Anna Freiin Dobrženský von Dobrženitz was jointly owned by the underage children Johann Anton, Johann Ludwig and Maria Anna Harbuval-Chamaré. In the course of an inheritance distribution for the rule on March 18, 1826 Johann Ludwig Harbuval-Chamaré to.

In 1835, the Neuschloß lordship in the Chrudim District comprised a total of 11,293 yoke on which 7096 Czech-speaking people lived, including 214 Helvetic and three Israelite families. The rule of the market town belonged Prosetsch , the villages boron , Chotowitz , Daubrawitz ( Doubravice ) Dwořischt ( Dvořiště ) Jawornitschek ( Javorníček ), Leschtina , Martenitz ( Martinice ) Mokra Lhota ( Mokrá Lhota ), Neudorf , Neuschloß, Paseka ( Paseky ) PODHORAN ( Podhořany u Nových hRADU ) Podměstj ( Podměstí ) Příluka , Pustina , Rybnicek ( Rybníček ), St. Catherine ( St. Katherine ) Sucha Lhota , Wolschan ( Olšany ), Wranitz ( Vranice ) Zabór ( Záboří ) and Zderas and a house from Wysoka ( Vysoká ). The main source of income was agriculture as well as flax spinning and linen weaving. The only industrial enterprise was the stately glass factory Marienwald ( U Huti ), founded in 1828, with 42 employees. The official village Neuschloß or Nowyhrady , also called Neohradium , consisted of 106 houses in which 639 people, including an Israelite family, lived. After Neuschloß konskribiert the monolayer Dudichowska (were Dudychov ) - 5 houses including a mill -. And Raudna ( Roudná ) - 13 houses including a mill with Brettsäge.. There was a stately castle in the village with the seat of the economic office and the castle chapel dedicated to St. Aloysius, a Meierhof, a sheep farm, a brewery, a brandy distillery, an inn and seven mills. The parish church of James the Great, the parish and the school were under the patronage of the authorities. Neuschloß was the parish of Chotowitz, Daubrawitz, Dollan , Dwořischt, Jawornitschek, Leschtina, Libegčina , Mokra-Lhota, Neudorf, Podhořan, Přiluka, Pustinka ( Pustinky ), Rybniček, Sucha-Lhota, Wolschan, Wran.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Nové Hrady / Neuschloß a municipality in the judicial district Hohenmauth . From 1868 the community belonged to the political district Hohenmauth . Between 1895 and 1904 the road was built between Neuschloß and Hohenmauth . In 1904, Štěpán Berger acquired the large new locksmith property, and in 1905 he sold it again to the Prague wholesaler Václav Böcking. In 1931 the Adlerkosteletz shoe manufacturer Jiří Svagera (Dostál & Švagera) bought the castle, including the property that had been significantly reduced by the land reform, and took up residence there. In 1935 the textile entrepreneur Cyril Bartoň-Dobenín bought the castle and its accessories. After the February coup in 1948, the Nové Hrady estate was placed under state administration. In the course of the abolition of the Okres Vysoké Mýto, Nové Hrady was assigned to the Okres Chrudim in 1961 and at the same time Mokrá Lhota (with Rybníček) was incorporated. Since January 1st 2007 Nové Hrady belongs to the Okres Ústí nad Orlicí . After the renovation of the baroque castle warehouse, a bicycle museum was opened in it in the summer of 2007.

Community structure

The community Nové Hrady consists of the districts Mokrá Lhota ( Mokralhota ), Nové Hrady and Rybníček ( Ribnitschek ). The settlements Dudychov, Polanka and Roudná also belong to Nové Hrady. Basic settlement units are Mokrá Lhota, Nové Hrady, Roudenské údolí, Roudná and Rybníček.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Mokrá Lhota and Nové Hrady u Skutče.

Attractions

  • Rococo castle Nové Hrady , called Bohemian Versailles or Klein Schönbrunn
  • Bicycle museum ( První české muzeum cyklistiky ) in the baroque castle warehouse
  • Baroque Church of St. James the Elder, built in 1724 under Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson. In the church is the family crypt of the Bohemian line of Counts Harbuval-Chamaré , in the Johann Ludwig Harbuval-Chamaré († 1764), his third wife Anna Barbara von Sannig († 1773) and their son Johann Anton († 1808) and his first wife Maria Johanna von Waldstein († 1793) are buried. The high altar painting depicting the beheading of Jacob was created by the Bohemian painter Karl Altmann.
  • Nový hrad castle ruins, the castle built between 1450 and 1465 by Zdeniek Kostka von Postupice was set on fire by Swedish troops in 1645 and then restored. From 1774, large parts of the castle were used as building material for Neuschloß Castle.
  • Way of the Cross to the Nové Hrady castle ruins, created in 1767
  • Toulovcovy maštale sandstone rock area

Sons and daughters of the church

Web links

Commons : Nové Hrady  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/571920/Nove-Hrady
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, pp. 229-235
  4. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, pp. 232-233
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/571920/Obec-Nove-Hrady
  6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/571920/Obec-Nove-Hrady
  7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/571920/Obec-Nove-Hrady