Milax

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Milax
Milax caucasicus

Milax caucasicus

Systematics
Class : Snails (gastropoda)
Order : Lung snails (pulmonata)
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Parmacelloidea
Family : Keel snails (Milacidae)
Genre : Milax
Scientific name
Milax
JE Gray , 1855

Milax is a slug - genus that the order of gastropods belongs. Together with the genus Tandonia and fossil genus Pachymilax form the species of the genus Milax the family of milacidae (Milacidae).

features

The species of the genus stretched out reach a maximum length of about 10 cm. Under the thick coat shield there is a small lime plate, a rudimentary, dismantled snail shell. The keel extends the entire length of the rear body. The breathing hole is in the back half of the mantle. In the female genital opening (atrium) there is a tongue-like or conical stimulator to stimulate the partner during sexual intercourse. The atria are covered above and below by the kidneys. There are about four native species in Germany, but z. Some have only been introduced with garden plants or vegetables in the last few decades.

Way of life and distribution

The species in the genus are herbivores. Some species also occur in the cultivated land. The Milax species were probably originally only native to southern Europe and North Africa. Some types such as B. the dark keel snails ( Milax gagates ) have meanwhile been abducted almost worldwide.

Systematics

The genus Milax used to be broader and also included the species of the genus Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera, 1882 and, depending on the author, the two species of the genus Micromilax P. Hesse, 1926. Tandonia is now generally recognized. On the other hand, some other genera z. T. objective synonyms of the genus Milax , since they have the same type species: Amalia Moquin-Tandon, 1855, Lallemantia Mabille, 1868 and Pirainea Pollonera & Lesson, 1882. Two other genera are subjective synonyms, as they are based on species that belong to the genus today Milax : Palizzolia Bourguignat, 1877 and Sansania Bourguignat, 1881. The genus Milax is divided by some authors into two sub-genera Milax (Milax) and Milax (Micromilax) Hesse, 1926. Other authors consider Micromilax as an independent genus. MolluscaBase, on the other hand, mentions Micromilax as a synonym for Milax . The following species, mostly native to Europe, are included in the genus Milax .

  • Milax aegaeicus (Wiktor & Mylonas, 1986)
  • Milax altenai (Forcart, 1972)
  • Milax caucasicus (Simroth, 1912)
  • Milax crassus (Clessin, 1894) †
  • Milax cyprius (Simroth, 1910)
  • Milax diezi (Clessin, 1894) †
  • Milax eocaenicus (Sacco, 1887) †
  • Milax fonyodensis (Lörenthey, 1906) †
  • Dark Kielschnegel ( Milax gagates (Draparnaud, 1801)) (type species of the genus Milax )
  • Milax gasulli Altena, 1974
  • Milax gracilior (Sandberger, 1875) †
  • Milax kinkelini (Rzehak, 1893) †
  • Milax lartetii (Dupuy, 1850) †
  • Milax latus (FE Edwards, 1852) †
  • Milax lopadusanus Liberto, Corso, Viviano, Colomba & Sparacio, 2017
  • Milax lorentheyi (Gaál, 1910) †
  • Milax monstruosus Wiktor, 1986
  • Black Kielschnegel ( Milax nigricans (Schulz in Philippi, 1836))
  • Milax ochraceus (Bérenguier, 1900)
  • Milax oppoliensis (Andreae, 1904) †
  • Milax parvulus Wiktor, 1968
  • Milax riedeli Wiktor, 1986
  • Milax sandbergeri (Clessin, 1885) †
  • Milax verrucosus Wiktor, 1969

literature

  • D. Godan, vulgar names of snails in plant protection (German, English, French, Dutch, Italian, Spanish). In Z. Pflanzenkrank. , 77/1970, pp. 38-58.
  • Bernhard Hausdorf: Phylogeny of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Journal of Molluscan Studies, 64: 35-66, London 1998 ISSN  0260-1230
  • JH Jungbluth, German names for native snails and mussels (Gastropoda et Bivalvia). In Malak. , Abhandlung 10/1985, pp. 79-94
  • MP Kerney et al. a., The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. , Hamburg / Berlin, 1983.
  • W. Hohorst, Milax gagates (DRAPARNAUD) as a crop pest in the Düsseldorf / Rhineland area (Gastropoda: Limacidae). In Mitt. Dtsch. Malak. Ges. , 39/1986, pp. 41-7.
  • W. Kuhna et al. a., Milax gagates, a new nudibranch in Germany. (Gastropoda, Limacidae). In Arch. Moll. , 92/1963, pp. 137-40.
  • W. Kuhna et al. a., Milax gagates in the Rhineland. In: Decheniana , 117/1964, p. 249.
  • Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs Part 10 Ariophantidae, Ostracolethidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2 (10): 1307-1466, Moscow 2003 ISSN  0136-0027

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schileyko (2003)
  2. ↑ z. B. Hausdorf (1996)
  3. ^ MolluscaBase: Milax Gray, 1855
  4. ↑ Animal Base University of Göttingen, Species in genus Milax