Childhood Sociology

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Transition and area of ​​tension between family and social institutions. Child on the first day of school.

The sociology of childhood (or modern childhood sociology , English new social childhood studies ) is a special sociology that, on the one hand, analyzes the behavior of children in society from a subject-centered perspective and, on the other hand, analyzes the position of children in the social structure from a context-centered perspective.

concept

So far there is no unreservedly suitable concept for the sociology of childhood . The more recent research deals increasingly with the concept of the generation concept. The socio-structural variant of childhood sociology. deals with generational order and, as a political sociology, addresses social policy in order to achieve a just distribution of resources and fair participation among the generations.

According to Doris Bühler-Niederberger (2011), the adultism- based postulate of "orderliness" implies, with negative connotations, the disciplining of the generation of children by adults for the purpose of standardizing (later) social order and power relations ("childhood as a mode of reproducing fundamental social inequalities "). Generational order is understood by the sociology of childhood in a ( domination) critical way and the sociologist Susanne Achterberg interprets her study The child as an object of desire as a generational hierarchy that also favors sexual (pedophile) exploitation of power. On the other hand, the sex pedagogue Uwe Sielert and the therapist Marie-Luise Conen point out the risk of negative effects on affected children from reduced generations.

The concepts of “modern childhood sociology” (“new social childhood studies”) coalesce well with neoliberal models on the one hand , and on the other hand, according to Preuss-Lausitz, this tends to increase the psychological stress on children.

history

Up until the 1980s, sociologists dealt with childhood and childhood almost exclusively in the context of socialization research . Only then did a special sociology develop based on Scandinavian and Anglo-American research. Numerous studies are now available on inequalities between adults and children and unequal living conditions for children in different countries. In particular, social order principles, interests of certain social groups, stimulated by the sociology of social inequality and minorities (“difference”: class, race, gender, generation ) are analyzed . The German Society for Sociology has had a Childhood Sociology Section since 1997 .

literature

  • Jens Qvortrup: The social dimension of childhood. In: Handbook of Childhood Research (Eds. Manfred Markefka, Bernhard Nauck). Luchterhand Verlag, Neuwied 1993, ISBN 3-472-00961-6 , pp. 109-124.
  • Leena Alanen: On the theory of childhood. The “Child Question” in the Social Sciences. In: Sozialwissenschaftliche Literatur Rundschau 17, issue 28, Lahnstein 1994, pp. 93–112.
  • Michael-Sebastian Honig: Draft of a theory of childhood. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1999, ISBN 3-518-58274-7 .
  • Heinz Hengst, Helga Zeiher (Hrsg.): Childhood sociologically . Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-8100-4140-8 .
  • Herbert Schweizer: Sociology of Childhood. Vulnerable self-sense . Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-531-14222-7 .
  • Doris Bühler-Niederberger: Sociology of Childhood. In: Special Sociologies (Eds. Markus Schroer , Georg Kneer ). Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2010, ISBN 978-3-531-15313-1 , pp. 437–456.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heinz Hengst: Childhood. In: Herbert Willems (Ed.): Lehr (er) buch Sociology. For pedagogical and sociological courses. Volume 2, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 567.
  2. ↑ Heinz Hengst: Childhood. In: Herbert Willems (Ed.): Lehr (er) buch Sociology. For pedagogical and sociological courses. Volume 2, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 567.
  3. ^ Doris Bühler-Niederberger: Life phase childhood. Weinheim 2011, p. 69 ff.
  4. ↑ See Claudia Machold: Children and Difference. An ethnographic study in an elementary educational context. Wiesbaden 2015, p. 73 f.
  5. ↑ Doris Bühler-Niederberger, Johanna Mierendorff: Unequal Childhoods - a Childhood-Sociological Approach (PDF). In: Discourse Childhood and Youth Research. 2009, issue 4, p. 449.
  6. ↑ Susanne Achterberg, Forum Kritische Psychologie (2010): The sexually competent child and sexuality as a boundary between children and adults (PDF), p. 76: “In childhood sociology, the socially constructed inequality between adults and children is based on the concept of generational order collected. This is currently understood primarily as a bipolar relationship of domination modified by class, ethnicity and gender. "
  7. ↑ Susanne Achterberg: The child as an object of desire. The pedophile exploitation of the generational hierarchy. (PDF). In: Journal for Sociology of Education and Socialization. Vol. 20 (2000), H. 2, pp. 167-180.
  8. ↑ Fachportal Pedagogik, pedocs - detailed display : “With a qualitative secondary analysis interview statements of pedophile men were examined for this purpose. The analysis has shown that the so-called classic pedophilia not only manifests the existing generational hierarchy , but also intensifies it by designing the child in an extremely stereotypical manner as an object of desire. "(Author's lecture)
  9. ↑ Interview with Uwe Sielert: “Naive dealing with pedophilia” : “For example, the sexologist Günther Amendt and the women's rights activist Alice Schwarzer opposed the removal of barriers between the generations. The goal of leading educators at the time was to minimize the power relationship between adults and children. [...] From a clear educational science awareness, I saw that generation boundaries between children and adolescents are being exceeded. "
  10. ↑ "Because the sexual abuse of persons under protection or children to be looked after does not occur suddenly, but develops over longer periods of time as the boundaries between children / young people and employees are increasingly blurred." Conen (1997) quoted from: Deutsches Jugendinstitut (2012 ), Final report. Sexual violence against girls and boys in institutions. (PDF), p. 167. It also states (p. 169 f): “In the focus group discussions, reference is made to constellations in which professionals do not delimit themselves enough and children emotionally exploit […], that is, risky mixtures of privacy and Develop a job and the blurring of generation boundaries. "
  11. ^ Marie-Luise Conen: Sexual abuse from a family dynamic point of view - working approaches in the SPFH . (PDF) In: Handbook of Social Pedagogical Family Aid (PDF). Stuttgart 1999, p. 382 ff.
  12. ↑ See Heinz Hengst: Childhood. In: Herbert Willems (Ed.): Lehr (er) buch Sociology. For pedagogical and sociological courses. Volume 2, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 572.
  13. ^ For example, by Enid Schildkrout (1990) and Olga Nieuwenhuys (1994), who refer in particular to childhood in the context of child labor in the context of family economies in developing countries. See Anne Wihstutz: Responsibility and Recognition. Qualitative study on the importance of work for children. Berlin 2009, p. 89 ff.
  14. ^ Doris Bühler-Niederberger , Sociology of Childhood - Subject and Perspective . Brief portrait of the subject matter of the Sociology of Childhood section , German Society for Sociology. (online) , accessed March 5, 2016.
  15. ↑ Gisela Notz: On the feminist criticism of the Marxist concept of work. In: Marx for social scientists. An introduction. Wiesbaden 2014, p. 169: “Theories from the USA attempted to link other forms of oppression (sexism and racism) with the class struggle (cf. Davis 1982) and to place the forms of discrimination on an equal footing (class, race and gender ). "
  16. ↑ Doris Bühler-Niederberger, Johanna Mierendorff: Unequal Childhoods - a Childhood-Sociological Approach (PDF). In: Discourse Childhood and Youth Research. 2009, Issue 4, p. 450: "Other central difference aspects such as [social] class, gender and ethnicity are always to be understood from a childhood-sociological perspective as conveyed via these generational categories."
  17. ↑ Heinz Hengst, Helga Zeiher (ed.): Childhood sociological . Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2005, p. 12.