Monte Arci
| Monte Arci | ||
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| height | 812 m | |
| location | Sardinia ( Italy ) | |
| Coordinates | 39 ° 46 '40 " N , 8 ° 44' 42" E | |
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The Monte Arci is an extinct volcanic massif in the province of Oristano in Sardinia . The massif reaches its highest point with 812 m slm in the basalt cone "Sa Trebina Longa". There are also the basalt cones "Sa Trebina Lada" ( 703 m slm ) and "Su Corongiu de Sizoa" ( 463 m slm ).
It consists mainly of basalt and trachyte rock .
The approximately 70 km² massif is a nature reserve .
Obsidian
Its rich occurrences of obsidian (black, more rarely red volcanic glass) experienced widespread distribution in the western Mediterranean prehistory. The tubers are up to 40 cm in size and weigh up to 7 kg. Obsidian tools can be found from the earliest settlements through all periods. The mountain was explored more than 50 years ago, with four quarries, ten assembly camps, a number of workshops and 162 dwelling places with tools and rough stones being discovered. The Monte Arci provided the translucent obsidian (type A) and the opaque (type B). The translucent variety was preferred in the early Neolithic, but gradually disappeared and was replaced by the opaque.
On the south-western slopes of the 800 m high mountain, obsidian is now a waste product from perlite mining . The most important occurrence lies below the summit at Conca Cannas, northeast of Uras in an abandoned pearlite quarry together with rhyolite and trachyte. Smaller deposits can be found in a pearlitic matrix along the Riu Cannas at a height of 382 m and on the slope of the Bruncu Perda Crobina. Francaviglia also found usable tubers on Canale Perdera and Riu Solacera near Su Paris de Monte Bingias. Sardinian obsidian is particularly common in northern Italy and southern France. It was still used in the Bronze Age , mainly in the form of roughly retouched tees.
literature
- Robert H. Tykot: Characterization of the Monte Arci (Sardinia) Obsidian sources. Journal of Archaeological Science 24, 1997, 467-479. doi : 10.1006 / jasc.1996.0130
- G. Bigazzi; FP Bonadonna; L. Maccioni, G. Pecorini: Research on Monte Arci (Sardinia) subaerial volcanic complex using the fission-track method. Bolletino della Società Geologica Italiana 95, 1976, 1555-1570.
- Carlo Lugliè: From the perspective of the source: Neolithic production and exchange of Monte Arci Obsidians (Central-Western Sardinia) . Rubricatum, Revista del Museu de Gavà 5, 2012, 173-180.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Robert H. Tykot: Characterization of the Monte Arci (Sardinia) obsidian sources. Journal of Archaeological Science 24, 1997, 469
- ^ V. Francaviglia: Characterization of Mediterranean obsidian sources by classical petrochemical methods. Preistoria Alpina 20, 1986, 314
- ↑ Kyle P. Freund: Lunati and the Island of Towers: Obsidian in Nuragic Sardinia . Journal of Archaeological Science 21, 2018, 1-9. doi : 10.1016 / j.jasrep.2018.06.032