Morton Fried

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Morton Herbert Fried (born March 21, 1923 in the Bronx , New York City , † December 17, 1986 in Leonia , New Jersey ) was an American ethnologist .

Life

Morton Fried attended Townsend Harris High School and City College of New York . There he changed his major from English to ethnology. Fried served in the army during World War II , which trained him as a China specialist at Harvard University . Fried finished his training in 1944. He conducted research in 1947 and 1948 in the Chinese province of Anwei . Fried received his doctorate ( Ph.D. ) from Columbia in 1951. He published his field research in 1953 under the title The Fabric of Chinese Society .

Fried taught anthropology (ethnology) at Columbia University in New York City from 1950 to 1953 and from 1957 to 1986, the year of his death . During this time he was appointed professor in 1961. Fried counted himself to the left evolutionist Mundial Upheaval Society . This group also included Marvin Harris , Eric Wolf , Sidney Mintz , Stanley Diamond, and Robert F. Murphy. Theoretical questions on sociological and political issues were important focal points of Fried's work.

Morton Fried was married to Martha Nemes. The marriage had two children, Nancy Eileen Foster, an anthropologist, and Elman Steven Fried, a writer and filmmaker.

The visual anthropologist Timothy Asch was one of his students.

Publications

author
  • Fabric of Chinese Society. A Study of the Social Life of a Chinese County Seat . Praeger, New York 1953. New edition Octagon, New York 1967.
  • The Classification of Corporate Unilineal Descent Groups . In: The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute , 1957.
  • On the Evolution of Social Stratification and the State . In: Stanley Diamond (ed.): Culture in History. Essays in Honor of Paul Radin . Columbia University Press, New York 1960,
    pp. 713-731 ISBN 0374921555
  • Warfare, Military Organization and the Evolution of Society . In: Anthropologica , Vol. 3, No. 2, 1961, pp. 134-147.
  • A Four Letter Word that Hurts . In: Saturday Review , October 2, 1965.
  • Some Political Aspects of Clanship in a Modern Chinese City . In: Marc J.Schwartz, Victor W. Turner u. Arthur Tuden: Political Anthropology , Transaction. New Brunswick, NJ, 1966.
  • The Evolution of Political Society. An Essay in Political Anthropology. (= Random House Studies in Anthropology , AS , No. 7). Random House, New York 1967.
  • On the concept of tribe . In: June Helms (ed.): Essays on the Problem of Tribe . University of Washington Press, Seattle 1968, pp. 3-22.
  • The State. The Institution . In: The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences . New York 1968, Vol. 15, pp. 142-150.
  • China. An Anthropological Overview . In: John Meskill (ed.): An Introduction to Chinese Civilization . New York, pp. 341-378.
  • The Notion of Tribe . Cummings Pub. Co. Menlo Park, Ca., 1976.
  • The State, the Chicken and the Egg. Or, Which Came First? In: Ronald Cohen, Elman R. Service (eds.): The Origins of the State. The Anthropology of Political Evolution . Philadelphia, pp. 35-47.
  • A Continent Found, A Universe Lost. In: Stanley Diamond (ed.): Theory and Practice. Essays Presented to Gene Weltfish . The Hague 1980, pp. 263-284.
  • Tribe to State or State to Tribe in Ancient China . In: David N. Keightley, Noel Barnard (eds.): The Origins of Chinese Civilization . University of California Press, Berkeley 1983,
    pp. 467-494.
  • Reflections on Christianity in China. In: American Ethnologist , Volume 14, No. 1 ( Frontiers of Christian Evangelism ), (February) 1987, pp. 94-106.
editor
  • Readings in Anthropology. 2 vols., Thomas Y. Crowell, New York 1959. ( Digitized I , II )
  • Was. The Anthropology of Armed Conflict and Aggression. Together with Marvin Harris u. Robert Francis Murphy. Garden City, NY, published for the American Museum of Natural History [by] the Natural History Press, 1968.
    • The war. On the anthropology of aggression and armed conflict . Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1971.
  • Transitions. Four Rituals in Eight Cultures. Together with Martha Nemes Fried. Norton, New York 1980.

literature

  • Elman R. Service: Morton Herbert Fried (1923-1986) . In: American Anthropologist , Vol. 90, No. 1, (March) 1988, pp. 148-152.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Morton Fried article in Minnesota State University's online encyclopedia EMuseum . Archived from the original on June 3, 2010 ; Retrieved January 25, 2014 .
  2. ↑ US World War II Army Enlistment Records, 1938–1946.
  3. ^ Sidney Mintz: An Impartial History of the Mundial Upheaval Society . AnthroWatch , Vol. 2, No. 3, 1994.
  4. ^ Elman R. Service: Morton Herbert Fried (1923-1986) , in: American Anthropologist , Vol. 90, No. 1, (March) 1988, pp. 148-152.
personal data
SURNAME Fried, Morton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fried, Morton Herbert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American ethnologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Bronx , New York City
DATE OF DEATH 17th December 1986
Place of death Leonia , New Jersey