Mugga eucalyptus
| Mugga eucalyptus | ||||||||||||
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Mugga eucalyptus |
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| Eucalyptus sideroxylon | ||||||||||||
| A. Cunn. ex woolls |
The Mugga eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus sideroxylon ) is a species of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). It occurs sporadically in the southeast of Australia . and is called "Mugga", "Red Ironbark" or "Mugga Ironbark".
description
Appearance and leaf
The Mugga eucalyptus grows as a tree that reaches heights of up to 35 meters. The bark remains on smaller branches or on the entire tree and is red-brown (hence the common name "ironbark") or black-brown. On the upper parts of the tree, the bark is smooth, white or gray and peels in short ribbons. The small branches are green. There are no oil glands in the bark or in the marrow.
The Mugga eucalyptus has heterophyllia . The leaves on young specimens are broadly lanceolate or ovate. The leaf stalks on middle-aged and adult specimens are 10 to 20 mm long. The dull green, dull gray-green or blue-green floured leaf blades on medium-old specimens are 5 to 10 cm long and 2 to 5 mm wide, lanceolate or ovate, straight or sickle-shaped and with entire margins. The leaf top and bottom of the same color, dull green or gray-green, relatively thick leaf blade on adult specimens is lanceolate, straight, with a tapering blade base with a length of 7 to 14 cm and a width of 1.2 to 1.8 cm and pointed top. The raised or indistinct lateral nerves extend from the median nerve at large distances at acute angles.
Inflorescence and flower
On the side of an inflorescence stem with a diameter of up to 3 mm in cross-section, narrow-flattened or angular, 7 to 20 mm long inflorescence stem stand together in a simple inflorescence . The pedicel-round flower stalk is 2 to 15 mm long. The sometimes blue-green floured or frosted flower bud is egg, club or short spindle-shaped with a length of 7 to 12 mm and a diameter of 4 to 6 mm. The sepals form a "calyptrata" or an "operculum" , which remains until the flower ( anthesis ). The smooth calyptra is conical or beak-shaped, shorter and narrower than the smooth flower cup (hypanthium). The outer stamens are sterile. The flowers are white, cream, yellow, pink, or red.
fruit
With a length of 5 to 11 mm and a diameter of 5 to 9 mm, the fruit is spherical, hemispherical or egg-shaped with four or five fruit compartments. The disc is indented and the fruit compartments are included.
Occurrence
Mugga eucalyptus is found in southeast Queensland , the eastern half of New South Wales, and central and eastern Victoria . It occurs sporadically, but often in places. It grows in light hardwood forest , preferably on lighter, nutrient-poor soils .
Taxonomy
The first description of Eucalyptus sideroxylon was made in 1887 by William Woolls in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales , Series 2, Volume 1, page 859. The type material , the "label New South Wales, near Mt. Caley, Lachlan R., A. Cunningham 205. 3 Jun 1817 (holo K, iso BM) ”. However, no type material was given. Woolls only published Cunningham's name. The type from the collection to which Cunningham refers in Mitchell, p. 339 is considered. A synonym for Eucalyptus sideroxylon A.Cunn. ex Woolls is Eucalyptus leucoxylon F.Muell.
Of Eucalyptus sideroxylon are two subspecies:
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. improcera A.R.Bean
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon A. Cunn. ex Woolls subsp. sideroxylon , Syn .: Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. pallens Benth. , Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. Minor (Benth.) Maiden , Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. Minor Benth. , Eucalyptus sideroxylon A.Cunn. ex Woolls var. sideroxylon .
The former subspecies Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. tricarpa L.ASJohnson has the rank of a species Eucalyptus tricarpa (LASJohnson) LASJohnson & KDHill .
use
In addition to using the wood as firewood and construction wood, the leaves of the tree are used to produce cineole-based eucalyptus oil .
ingredients
Stilbenes and other polyphenols that are produced by plants when attacked by pathogens are called phytoalexins . Such substances can be accepted in the case of a hypersensitive reaction of plants to germs. The high content of polyphenols in the wood of Mugga eucalyptus can explain its natural resistance to rot.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Specimen search results: Eucalyptus sideroxylon at Australia's Virtual Herbarium. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria . Retrieved January 24, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e APNI = Australian Plant Name Index . Center for Plant Biodiversity Research. Australian Government. Retrieved January 24, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f K. Hill: Eucalyptus sideroxylon (Woolls) at New South Wales Flora Online . National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved January 24, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Eucalyptus sideroxylon at EucaLink - A Web Guide to the Eucalypts . Retrieved January 24, 2013.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Eucalyptus sideroxylon. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 24, 2013.
- ↑ DJ Boland, JJ Brophy & APN House: Eucalyptus Leaf Oils . 1991. ISBN 0-909605-69-6 . The source may have been available to the creator of the article in the en: WP, but the statements were not checked for the de: WP.
- ^ John H. Hart, WE Hillis: Inhibition of wood rotting fungi by stilbenes and other polyphenols in Eucalyptus sideroxylon . In: Phytopathology . 64, No. 7, 1974, pp. 939-948. doi : 10.1094 / Phyto-64-939 . The source was available to the author of the article in the en: WP, but the statements were not checked for the de: WP.
