Municipality (Romania)

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A Munizipium (from Latin Municipium , Romanian Municipiu) is an administrative unit in Romania . A city is granted this status by law. In 2001, apart from Bucharest, 92 cities were municipalities.

Characteristic

Before the Second World War, municipalities were equated with circles ( județe ). After several administrative reforms, the municipalities are now subordinate to the districts, with the exception of the independent capital. Like ordinary cities, they are administered by a local council and a mayor who is directly elected. In the municipalities, apart from Bucharest with six sectors, each with an elected mayor and its own council, there are no administrative subdivisions and the incorporated villages ( Sate ) have no self-administration.

Ranks and Criteria

Law 351 of July 6, 2001 regulates the ranking hierarchy and the minimum criteria for the award:

The capital Bucharest is ranked 0.

Rank I was “municipalities of national importance, with potential influence on a European level”. That was 11 cities with more than 150,000 inhabitants Bacau , Brașov , Brăila , Cluj-Napoca , Constanța , Craiova , Galați , Iași , Oradea , Ploiești , and Timișoara .

Rank II was “municipalities of national importance, with inter- or intra-district importance or with a balancing role in the local network”. This applied to another 81 cities.

Minimum criteria:

  1. Population: 40,000
  2. working population in non-agricultural employment: 85%
  3. Apartments with tap water supply: 80%
  4. Apartments with indoor bathroom and toilet: 75%
  5. Apartments with central heating: 45%
  6. Hospital beds per 1,000 inhabitants: 10
  7. Doctors per 1,000 inhabitants: 2.3
  8. Educational institutions: post-high school (postliceal)
  9. Cultural and sports facilities: event halls / theaters, music institutes, public libraries, stadiums, sports halls
  10. Hotel places: 100
  11. modernized roads: 60% of the total length
  12. Roads on the water distribution network: 70% of the total length
  13. Streets with sewerage: 60% of the total length
  14. Sewage treatment plants: mechanical and biological stages
  15. Streets with freely accessible hydrant networks for fire extinguishing: 70% of the total length
  16. Green areas: 15 m² per inhabitant, public park
  17. controlled waste disposal with secure access

There are exceptions, e.g. B. the smallest municipality Orșova has about 10,000 inhabitants.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Law No. 351 of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies of 6 July 2001
  2. ↑ George Lubenoff: The organization of local government in Romania . (PDF; 3.7 MB). University of Greifswald, 1933.
  3. ↑ a b Area- related development strategy of Romania from sdtr.ro accessed on May 11, 2017 (Romanian; PDF; 9.2 MB)