Murchison (meteorite)
Murchison is a CM2 chondrite that fell near Murchison , Victoria , Australia on September 28, 1969 . About 100 kg of material was recovered from this meteorite .
Murchison is a very primitive carbonaceous chondrite and is therefore particularly interesting for research, since Murchison's material is one of the most primitive materials of the solar system that is available. Accordingly, he was examined often. Many organic compounds were discovered in this meteorite , including amino acids , which are important for biological processes in life on earth. In addition, diamino acids were detected, which are discussed as precursors of the first genetic material on earth. This was the first detection of amino acids in extraterrestrial material. It was also important here that the fragments were quickly collected after the observed fall, so that contamination with earthly material was largely prevented.
In addition, 40 different minerals or their varieties have so far been detected in this meteorite (as of 2015). For the minerals Murchisit and Warkit , the meteorite is also considered a type locality . Other mineral discoveries include calcite , chromite , diamond , eskolaite , graphite , a refined iron and the nickel-containing variety Kamacite (bar iron), nepheline , spinel , Tochilinite and Whewellit and various Olivine , Klionpyroxene ( Davisit calcareous diopside - Kushiroit - Grossmanit - solid solutions) and serpentine . Another special feature is the detection of fullerenes .
In January 2020 published scientists in the scientific journal PNAS research results showing that silicon carbide particles contained in the Murchison meteorite stardust originated about seven billion years, the meteorite so presolar minerals contains.
Web links
- Entry in the database of the Meteoritical Bulletin
Individual evidence
- ^ Uwe Meierhenrich : Amino Acids and the Asymmetry of Life . Springer-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-76885-2 .
- ↑ UJ Meierhenrich, GM Muñoz Caro, JH Bredehöft, EK Jessberger, WH Thiemann: Identification of diamino acids in the Murchison meteorite. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Volume 101, Number 25, June 2004, pp. 9182-9186, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.0403043101 . PMID 15194825 , PMC 438950 (free full text).
- ↑ Steven B. Simon, Andrew M. Davis, Lawrence Grossman: A unique ultrarefractory inclusion from the Murchison meteorite . In: Meteoritics & Planelay Science . tape 31 , 1996, pp. 106–115 ( wiley.com [PDF; 1,2 MB ; accessed on February 13, 2019]).
- ^ Mindat - type locality Murchison meteorite, Murchison, Victoria, Australia
- ↑ L. Becker, RJ Poreda, TE Bunch: Fullerenes: an extraterrestrial carbon carrier phase for noble gases. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Volume 97, Number 7, March 2000, pp. 2979-2983, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.050519397 . PMID 10725367 , PMC 16177 (free full text).
- ↑ Philip R. Heck, Jennika Greer, Levke Kööp, Reto Trappitsch, Frank Gyngard: Lifetimes of interstellar dust from cosmic ray exposure ages of Presolar silicon carbide . In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . January 10, 2020, ISSN 0027-8424 , doi : 10.1073 / pnas.1904573117 , PMID 31932423 .
- ↑ Maria Temming: This ancient stardust is the oldest ever to be examined in a lab. In: Science News. January 13, 2020, accessed January 16, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Meteorite contains the oldest material on Earth: 7-billion-year-old stardust: The ancient stardust reveals a 'baby boom' in star formation. Accessed January 16, 2020 (English).
- ↑ Mindy Weisberger: 7 Billion-Year-Old Stardust Is Oldest Material Found on Earth. In: Live Science. January 13, 2020, accessed on January 16, 2020 .