Myoelectrics

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Myoelectrics ( gr. Mỹs (genitive: myós) for prefix muscle ) is the technical term for the electrical voltage in the microvolt range generated in the muscle cells as a result of complicated biochemical processes , which is used in prostheses after (partial) amputation of extremities .

Technical function

The myoelectric prosthesis, i.e. operated by a battery and set in motion by the muscle contraction , is controlled via the electromyogram (EMG) derived from a surface electrode . The recorded signals are rectified and converted into control signals for the motors of the prosthesis. The proportionality between muscle strength and the recordable myogram is used. The muscle strength increases largely proportionally with the number of activated muscle fibers. The effectiveness of the myoelectric prosthesis, however, is influenced by the sequential activation, the number of available control signals and the ability to tense different muscle groups in a targeted and independent manner after the amputation.

This is on the skin surface of the human by means of sensitive electrodes measurable and, for example, for control of prostheses available.

External impact

The first commercial myoelectric arm was developed by the Central Prosthetic Research Institute of the USSR in 1964 and sold by the Hangar Limb Factory in the UK . It was featured in Frank Elstner's The Great Show of Natural Wonders . In addition, this technique is already being used primarily for deformities of extremities in children.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ myo spelling Duden
  2. ↑ Following the example of nature. (PDF; 381 kB) In: Ärzteblatt. Retrieved July 24, 2011 .
  3. ^ E. David Sherman: A Russian Bioeleciric-Controlled Prosthesis: Report of a Research Team from the Rehabilitation Institute of Montreal . In: Canadian Medical Association Journal . 91, No. 24, 1964, pp. 1268-1270. PMID 14226106 . PMC 1927453 (free full text).
  4. ↑ Ashok Muzumdar: Powered Upper Limb Prostheses: Control, Implementation and Clinical Application . Springer, 2004, ISBN 978-3-540-40406-4 .

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