Myosin heavy chain 16
| Putative uncharacterized protein MYH16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| other names |
Myosin heavy chain 16 pseudogenes |
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| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 1,097 amino acids , 128,290 Da | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs | ||
| Orthologue (human) | ||
| Entrez | 84176 | |
| UniProt |
Q9H6N6
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| PubMed search |
84176
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Myosin heavy chain 16 is a protein and specific isoform of myosin that is involved in the chewing process.
properties
In mammals, the MYH16 gene encodes the myosin heavy chain 16, also heavy chain 16 . In primates, it is a specialized muscle protein of the masticatory muscles , which, due to its evolutionary origin from the first gill arch, only occurs in the temporal muscle and masticatory muscle ; the corresponding muscle fiber type is referred to as type 2M. This myosin is important for muscle contraction strength. In non-human primates, MYH16 is functional and the animals have well-developed jaw muscles; in humans, it has mutated into an inactive form, making these muscles smaller. The gene mutation was detected in DNA samples from people on all continents; it is an integral part of the human genome. The researchers dated the genetic change to about 2.4 million years ago.
The first discovery of the human MYH16 mutation was published in 2004 by a team at the University of Pennsylvania led by Hansell H. Stedman .
Web links
- Hansell H. Stedman: Brain versus brawn: Myosin mutant's moment in human evolution. Nature , March 25, 2004, accessed September 29, 2017 .
- Andreas Jahn: Deficiency mutant. Spektrum.de , March 25, 2004, accessed on September 29, 2017 .
- MYH16. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee database , accessed on September 29, 2017 .
- MYOSIN, HEAVY CHAIN 16, SKELETAL MUSCLE, PSEUDOGENE; MYH16. OMIM, accessed September 29, 2017 .
- NCBI: MYH16 myosin heavy chain 16 pseudogene (Homo sapiens (human)). National Center for Biotechnology Information , September 3, 2017; accessed October 2, 2017 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Andreas Jahn: Deficiency mutant. Spektrum.de , March 25, 2004, accessed on September 29, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Stedman HH1, Kozyak BW, Nelson A, Thesier DM, Su LT, Low DW, Bridges CR, Shrager JB, Minugh-Purvis N, Mitchell MA .: Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage . Ed .: Nature . 428th edition. tape 6981 , March 25, 2004, p. 415-8 , doi : 10.1038 / nature02358 , PMID 15042088 .
- ↑ MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN 16, SKELETAL MUSCLE, pseudogene; MYH16. OMIM, accessed September 29, 2017 .
- ↑ George H. Perry, Brian C. Verrelli, Anne C. Stone: Comparative analyzes reveal a complex history of molecular evolution for human MYH16 . Ed .: Mol Biol Evol . 428th edition. 2005, p. 415-418 , doi : 10.1093 / molbev / msi004 , PMID 15470226 ( oxfordjournals.org ).