Nagasaki Kaidō
The Nagasaki overland road ( Nagasaki Kaidō , Japanese 長崎 街道 ) was the most important highway on the island of Kyūshū in the early modern period of Japan , which ran from Kokura to Nagasaki , until the middle of the 19th century. only port of call for Chinese and Dutch ships. This was also the route that most of the rulers of the region used when they moved to Edo as part of the maintenance system ( sankin kotai ) imposed on them . The managers of the Dutch trading post Dejima also crossed Kyushu on the so-called 'farm trip' on this route. It usually took travelers a week to cover the 57 ri (228 km ).
Rest and overnight stations
As on the other roads in Japan, rest and overnight stations ( shukuba ) adapted to the average daily routes had been set up with teahouses, hostels, horse stables, all kinds of traders and a place for notice boards for the authorities. In 1705 there were a total of 25 of these stations between Kokura and Nagasaki.
- Starting point: Tokiwa Bridge (Tokiwabashi, 常 盤 橋 ) (today: Kokurakita-ku , Kitakyūshū , Fukuoka Prefecture )
- Kurosaki-shuku ( 黒 崎 宿 ) (today: Kitakyūshū )
- Koyanose-shuku ( 木屋 瀬 宿 ) (today: Kitakyūshū)
- Iizuka-shuku ( 飯 塚 宿 ) (today: Iizuka )
- Uchino-shuku ( 内 野 宿 ) (today: Iizuka)
- Yamae-shuku ( 山 家 宿 ) (today: Chikushino )
- Haruda-shuku ( 原田 宿 ) (today: Chikushino)
- Tashiro-shuku ( 田 代 宿 ) (today: Tosu , Saga Prefecture )
- Todoroki-shuku ( 轟 木 宿 ) (today: Tosu)
- Nakabaru-shuku ( 中 原宿 ) (today: Miyaki , Miyaki County )
- Kanzaki-shuku ( 神 埼 宿 ) ( Kanzaki )
- Sakaibaru-shuku ( 境 原宿 ) (today: Kanzaki)
- Saga-shuku ( 佐賀 宿 ) (today: Saga )
- Ushizu-shuku ( 牛津 宿 ) (today: Ogi )
- Oda-shuku ( 小田 宿 ) (today: Kōhoku , Kishima County )
- Kitagata-shuku ( 北方 宿 ) or Naruse-shuku ( 鳴 瀬 宿 ) (today: Takeo )
- Tsukasaki-shuku ( 塚 崎 宿 ) or Shiota-shuku ( 塩 田 宿 ) (today: Takeo)
- Ureshino-shuku ( 嬉 野 宿 ) (today: Ureshino )
- Sonogi-shuku ( 彼 杵 宿 ) (now: Higashisonogi , Higashisonogi County , Nagasaki Prefecture )
- Matsubara-shuku ( 松原 宿 ) (today: Ōmura )
- Ōmura-shuku ( 大村 宿 ) (today: Ōmura)
- Eishō-shuku ( 永昌 宿 ) (today: Isahaya )
- Yagami-shuku ( 矢 上 宿 ) (today: Nagasaki )
- Himi-shuku ( 日見 宿 ) (today: Nagasaki)
- End point: Nagasaki
Western descriptions
The route and the most important locations were described early on by European travelers. Arnoldus Montanus published the first extensive description based on the travel diaries of the factory manager in 1669 in the "Gedenkwaerdige Gesantschappen der Oost-Indische Maetschappy in't Vereenigde Nederland, aen de Kaisaren van Japan" (German 1669/70). A great impact achieved further Engelbert Kaempfer's description in "The History of Japan" (1727, German 1777-79), Carl Peter Thunberg's "Resa uti Europe, Africa, Asia förråttad Aren 1770-1779" (1788; German in 1792) and for the 19th century especially Philipp Franz von Siebold's “NIPPON”.
literature
- Kyūshūji: Nagasaki kaidō, Bungo kaidō, Satsuma kaidō, Hyūga kaidō . Tokyo: Mainichi Shinbunsha, 1972 (『九州 路: 長崎 街道 豊 後 街道 薩摩 街道 日 向 街道』).