Nasendasseln

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Nasendasseln
Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Subclass : Flying insects (Pterygota)
Superordinate : New winged wing (Neoptera)
Order : Fly (Diptera)
Family : Botflies (Oestridae)
Subfamily : Nasendasseln
Scientific name
Oestrinae
Rondani , 1841
species

The nasal tassels (Oestrinae) represent a subfamily of the bot flies (Oestridae) within the two-winged flies ( Diptera). Like the other representatives of the bot flies, the larvae of the animals live parasitically and mainly attack ungulates . Two species of these animals live in Central Europe, the sheep fly fly ( Oestrus ovis ) and the horse fly Rhinoestrus purpureus .

features

The adult flies are medium-sized and mostly furry hair. The wings are very well developed and the animals are good fliers.

Development cycle

After mating, the females of the nasal tassels do not move at all for about 20 days, while about 500 larvae mature from the eggs in their ovaries . Then the female flies in front of the nostrils of a host animal and follows every movement of the head in flight. It shoots the larvae individually into his nostrils and sometimes into his eyes. The larvae are shot within a very short time, as the remaining larvae begin to eat the mother fly after the first shot. Although the host that was hit sneezes several times as a defense reaction, usually between 10% and 50% of the larvae manage to hook onto the nasal mucosa and thus remain in the host animal.

The nasal tasselworms now grow in the mucous membranes of the nose and in the area of ​​the ethmoid bone of the host animal and feed on tissue and tissue fluid. This first leads to itching and finally to painful inflammation, which is why the host becomes increasingly restless and behaves in what is known as "false rotational sickness". Severe infestation can also lead to the death of the host. Shortly before pupation, the maggots migrate out of the nostrils and drop to the ground. The adult fly hatches from the pupa after two to six weeks.

The sheep horsefly attacks sheep and goats , which are parasites of the horse fly, horses and donkeys , as well as their host animals, worldwide. However, while only one generation of flies grows per year in the cooler regions, there are two in tropical regions.

Harmful effect on humans

Occasionally, the flies will shoot the larvae in humans too. However, the maggots do not develop here; instead, severe inflammation occurs.

Systematics

In the subfamily of the Nasendasseln 34 species in 9 genera are described:

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gary Mullen, Lance Durden: Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Elsevier 2009, ISBN 0-12-372500-3 .