Mobile phone (Bremen)

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Bremen 1689 ( Hogenberg plan): A piece of the old city wall leads from the catch tower on the Weser to the gate of the Natel between Langenstr. and Geeren
Bremen 1796 ( Murtfeld plan): The street Nicolai Str. - Hanken Str. - Wenken Str. Corresponds to the course of the inner wall

The Natel was a city gate between the larger part of Bremen's old town, which was walled by no later than the 13th century, and the Stephaniviertel, which was only walled from 1307 .

Surname

When it was first mentioned in a document, the gate was mentioned by names that were later used for other gates. "Porta lapidea" (1284) means stone gate, which since the early 17th century at least meant the passage of the road to Verden through the Landwehr am Dobben . The name "Porta sancti Stephani" (Stephanitor, 1291) has been used since the land-side walling of the Stephaniviertel on the westernmost gate of the new wall.

"Natel" or "Nadel" as an abbreviation of "Nadelöhr" is also used for the Bremer Bischofsnadel , for small gates in the city walls. The mobile phone in the old wall to the Stephaniviertel became the bottleneck in inner-city traffic precisely because it was the only large gate. Between it and the land-side walling, the inner-city wall had four small passages, which were not even suitable for larger human movements: the Brill , the Nagelspforte, the gate from Grützmacherstraße to Altenweg and the Hasenpforte near the Schwanengatt .

history

The outer walling of the Stephaniviertel had two weak points: there was no wall here on the banks of the Weser for a long time, and there were openings for its drainage on the Schwanengatt. That is why the old wall was kept defensible for over two hundred years, a wide strip on the Stephaniseite was not allowed to be built on.

At the beginning of the 16th century, however, the banks of the Weser in front of the Stephanistadt were partially walled and a wall was built in front of the landside walls to protect against the stronger cannons. When an imperial army marched against Bremen in the Schmalkaldic War in March 1547, further modernization was hastily undertaken: beautiful but useless wall and gate towers were cut, the Schwanengatt sealed and a bridge built over the Kleine Belge nearby . Four years later, in 1551, the inner wall between the Natel and the outer wall was completely torn down. But the gate of the Natel and the wall between it and the fishing tower on the Weser were left standing. The gate is also shown on the first engravings from Bremen, with Weigel with a Welschen hood , with the others with a gable roof, which is now believed to be the more correct representation. In 1590 the catch tower and the southern part of the inner wall gave way to the New Kornhaus , but the gate of the Natel was only demolished shortly before 1660. In the city map from 1796, the north-western continuation of Langenstraße between the last battle gate and the street Fangturm (overbuilding of the Kleine Balge) is called the Natel .

literature

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  1. ↑ Bremisches Urkundenbuch ›[documents up to 1300]› 1st volume [1871], delivery 4–6 ›[No. 278 - No. 548] Document No. 417 of 1284, p. 449
  2. ↑ dto .: Certificate No. 468 of 1291, p. 501
  3. ↑ Renner Chronicle , Vol. 2, p. 296

Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 45 "  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 54.7"  E