Nathan Adler

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Nathan ben Simeon ha-Kohen Adler , also called Rebb Noosen (born December 16, 1741 in Frankfurt am Main ; died September 17, 1800 there ) was a German Kabbalist and Orthodox rabbi in Frankfurt am Main. He is considered to be the founder of a Western Jewish Hasidic movement ( Frankfurt Hasidim ).

Life

Gravestone on the field of honor of the cemetery on Battonnstrasse

Nathan Adler came from an Ashkenazi family. His father was Jakob-Simeon Hakohen Adler. The Frankfurt Adler family is named after the eagle on the imperial flag that a member of this family wore when the Frankfurt Jews returned after the Fettmilch Uprising (1614).

Nathan Adler was a pupil of the Frankfurt chief rabbi Jakob-Josua Falk . He was introduced to Kabbalah by the subsequent Chief Rabbi Abraham-Abusch Lissa.

He married Kela Strauss, the daughter of the chief rabbi David Strauss from Fürth, who died in 1774.

Nathan Adler became an Orthodox rabbi in Frankfurt and opened his own yeshiva in 1762 . His pupils later included important rabbis such as Abraham Bing , Wolf Heidenheim , Seckel Löb Wormser and Moses Sofer , later rabbis in Pressburg . The private services of his yeshiva were held according to the Lurian- Kabbalistic liturgy and in Sephardic pronunciation. That was forbidden by the community. In 1772 the parish council gave him the ban on synagogues ( Cherem ), which was only lifted shortly before his death in 1800.

In 1782 he was elected Rabbi von Boskowitz in Moravia . But he soon made enemies, which is why he returned to his previous office in Frankfurt in 1785.

He was married to Reichle Kohen, the daughter of Feist Kohen in Gießen , who survived him (died 1805). Both had no children, but Nathan Marcus Adler , who later became Chief Rabbi of Great Britain , is said to have been named after him.

Adler was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Frankfurt am Main.

literature

  • Rachel Elior: Nathan Adler and the Frankfurt Pietists. (PDF file; 1.07 MB, English).
  • Rachel Elior: Rabbi Nathan Adler of Frankfurt and the Controversy Surrounding Him. ( Excerpt from Google books , English).
  • Entry ADLER, Nathan. In: Michael Brocke and Julius Carlebach (editors), edited by Carsten Wilke: Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis. Part 1: The rabbis of the emancipation period in the German, Bohemian and Greater Poland countries 1781-1871. K G Saur, Munich 2004, p. 132 f.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Adler, Nathan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Simeon ha-Kohen Adler, Nathan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rabbi of Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF BIRTH December 16, 1741
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH 17th September 1800
Place of death Frankfurt am Main