National Institute of Standards and Technology
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National Institute of Standards and Technology |
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| State level | Federal agency within the portfolio of the United States Department of Commerce |
| Supervisory authority | United States Department of Commerce |
| founding | 1901 |
| Headquarters | Gaithersburg ( Maryland ) |
| Authority management | Walter G. Copan, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and Acting NIST Director |
| Servants | 2900 |
| Web presence | www.nist.gov |
The National Institute of Standards and Technology ( NIST , German National Institute of Standards and Technology ) is a federal agency of the United States, based in Gaithersburg ( Maryland ). The authority's previous name was the National Bureau of Standards ( NBS ) from 1901 to 1988 . The position of the authorities conductor (Director) is currently occupied by Kent Rochford. The institute had a budget of 964 million US dollars in 2016.
tasks
The institute is part of the technological administration of the Ministry of Commerce and is responsible for standardization processes. In the field of cryptography, for example, the encryption algorithms DES and AES as well as the hash functions of the SHA family emerged. The Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), which apply to US authorities, are also published.
NIST-F1 is the name of the institute's own atomic clock that contributes to Coordinated Universal Time . In 2005 it achieved an accuracy of 5 × 10 −16 , which corresponds to a rate deviation of one second per 60 million years. In the 1970s, NIST commissioned a. a. the bouldering group with the measurement of the speed of light and the redefinition of the meter .
Among other things, the institute publishes a collection of substance-specific mass spectra that is most widely used today for substance identification using mass spectrometry, the NIST / EPA / NIH Mass Spectral Library (current version at the beginning of 2020: NIST 17 from 2017).
Counterparts in Germany are the Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB).
Web links
- www.nist.gov - official website of NIST (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ National Institute of Standards and Technology: Office of the Director> Walter G. Copan , accessed February 27, 2019.
- ↑ 2016 Appropriations Increase NIST Funding 166 percent ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ NIST - NIST-F1 (Cesium Fountain Atomic Clock) ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
- ↑ sisweb.com: The NIST 17 Mass Spectral Library
Coordinates: 39 ° 7 ′ 59 ″ N , 77 ° 13 ′ 25 ″ W.