National Institutes of Health

	National Institutes of Health; - NIH -
State level	United States
Supervisory authority (s)	United States Department of Health and Human Services
Headquarters	Bethesda, Maryland , United States
household	$ 32.3 billion (FY 2016)
Director	Francis S. Collins
Employee	approx.20,262 (with all institutes; as of 2012)
Website	www.nih.gov

The National Institutes of Health ( NIH , German National Health Institutes ) based in Bethesda (Maryland) are an authority of the US Department of Health . In the United States , they are the most important authority for biomedical research . Francis Collins has been in charge since July 2009 .

With an annual budget of around US $ 30.3 billion (financial year 2015), the NIH is the largest research funding organization in the world. It accounts for 28% of total US biomedical research spending. The NIH employs around 20,262 people (including all institutes), of which around 6,000 are in their Intramural Research Program . 80% of the budget is distributed to over 300,000 researchers each year.

The history of the NIH began in 1887 with the establishment of the "Laboratory of Hygiene" (Hygiene Laboratory) at the Marine Hospital in Staten Iceland , New York City . The NIH are located on a campus- like area with more than 75 buildings. It has 27 institutes, including the world's largest medical library , the National Library of Medicine (NLM).

Building No. 50 (NIAMS, NCI, NHLBI, NIDCD and NHGRI)
Building 10 (Clinical Center)
Building 10 north side
National Library of Medicine (NLM)

Institutes

The following table shows the institutes of the NIH, sorted chronologically by year of foundation.

Surname	abbreviation	description	founding year
National Cancer Institute	NCI	Research and training aimed at combating cancer	1937
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases	NIAID	The aim of the research is to gain an understanding of the causes and to improve the treatment and prevention options for infectious , autoimmune and allergic diseases.	1948
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research	NIDCR	Research on infectious and congenital diseases of the teeth, jaw and facial skull	1948
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases	NIDDK	Research in the fields of diabetes mellitus , endocrinology and metabolic diseases , diseases of the digestive tract , nutrition , kidney and urological and haematological diseases	^[0]1948
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute	NHLBI	Research in the field of diseases of the heart , blood vessels , lungs and blood and sleep disorders ; administratively responsible for the NIH Woman's Health Initiative	1948
National Institute of Mental Health	NIMH	Research in the field of mental illness	1949
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke	NINDS	Research in the field of diseases of the nervous system	1950
National Library of Medicine	NLM	NLM collects and organizes the available information on biomedical topics and makes it available in an orderly form to the scientific and non-scientific public. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) was established by the NLM , which is a very important information database for biological-medical information and maintains the PubMed literature database , the GenBank sequence database and ClinicalTrials.gov, the world's largest clinical study database .	1956
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development	NOTHING	Research in the fields of fertility , pregnancy , child and adolescent development and medical rehabilitation in the field of pediatrics	1962
National Institute of General Medical Sciences	NIGMS	The NIGMS promotes basic biomedical medicine without restriction to certain diseases and supports research into the functions of certain genes and proteins as well as cell biology .	1962
National Eye Institute	NEI	Research in the field of ophthalmology	1968
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	NEVER	Research in the field of environmental medicine (influence of environmental factors on health)	1969
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism	NIAAA	Research in the field of alcoholism and alcohol-related diseases	1970
National Institute on Drug Abuse	NIDA	Research in the field of substance abuse and addiction , prevention, treatment and health issues	1973
National Institute on Aging	NIA	Research in the field of aging processes , prevention of diseases of old age	1974
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases	NIAMS	Research in the field of arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin diseases	1986
National Institute of Nursing Research	NINR	NINR supports clinical and basic research to establish a scientific basis for the care of individuals across the life span.	1986
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders	NIDCD	Research in the field of disorders of hearing , balance , smell , taste , voice and speech	1988
National Human Genome Research Institute	NHGRI	Support for the Human Genome Project and research in the field of genetic diseases	1989
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering	NIBIB	Development of technologies in the field of medical imaging and bioengineering and information technology with regard to their application in medicine	2000