Nature poetry
The nature poetry is a collective term for all forms of poetry , in which nature appears as the central focus of the seal.
Definition
According to Gero von Wilpert , nature poetry is a “collective term for all forms of poetry whose central motifs are natural phenomena (landscape, weather, animals and plants) and which are based on the experience of nature”. Norbert Mecklenburg wrote the tautological statement "Natural poetry - these are poems that have nature as their subject matter". Günter Häntzschel defines it as "poetry that brings natural phenomena to mind, for example to address human subjectivity".
history
Even the first well-known poets used nature as a projection space and often ascribed human attributes to it. In the Baroque , nature was religiously charged and interpreted in terms of salvation history, while it itself was more in the background. A serious discussion of nature took place in German poetry in the 18th century. Barthold Heinrich Brockes is therefore the first independent natural lyricist in the German language with his main work Earthly Pleasure in God . Although Brockes thematized nature, his poetry differed little from that of his predecessors. Nature is still the mediator between man and God, thus creation .
It reaches its climax in the poetry of Sturm und Drang and Romanticism , which transfigured nature as an alternative to social reality, which was perceived as deficient, to an idyll .
In contemporary German poetry, natural poetry is represented by Günter Eich , Sarah Kirsch , Karl Krolow and Peter Huchel, among others .
Examples
- To the moon Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- Sunset Friedrich Hölderlin
- Moon night Joseph von Eichendorff
- It's Eduard Mörike
- Friedrich Hebbel winter landscape
- Come to the park that was declared dead Stefan George
- In winter Georg Trakl
- Simple star Sarah Kirsch
See also
literature
Anthologies
- Dietrich Bode (Ed.): Deutsche Naturlyrik . Reclam, Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 978-3-15-018944-3 .
- Alexander Bormann: The earth wants a safe conduct. German natural poetry from 6 centuries . 2nd Edition. Insel, Frankfurt am Main 1987.
- Gunter E. Grimm (Ed.): Deutsche Naturlyrik. From the baroque to the present . Reclam, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-15-059425-1 .
- Hiltrud Gnüg (Hrsg.): Modern German natural poetry. Interpretations. Reclam, Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 978-3-15-017538-5 .
- Constanze Neumann: And full of wild roses. The most beautiful natural poems . Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2008.
- Günter Schütz: Nature poetry from the baroque to the present. With materials . Klett, Stuttgart 1985.
- Hanns Zischler: Do you want to trust the summer? German natural poems . Wagenbach, Berlin 2004.
Secondary literature
- Jürgen Haupt: Nature and Poetry. Relationship with nature in the 20th century . Metzler, Stuttgart 1983.
- Ursula Heukenkamp: The language of beautiful nature. Studies on natural poetry . Structure, Berlin 1982.
- Ulrich Kittstein: German natural poetry. Your story in individual analyzes . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2009, ISBN 978-3-534-23010-5 .
- Volkhard Wels: On the religious-historical positioning of 'natural poetry' in Barthold Heinrich Brockes. In: Religious Knowledge in the Poetry of the Early Modern Age. Ed. V. Peter-André Alt and Volkhard Wels. Wiesbaden 2015, pp. 223-257.
- Norbert Mecklenburg (ed.): Nature poetry and society . Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1977.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gero von Wilpert : Specialized Dictionary of Literature (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 231). 8th, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-520-23108-5 , p. 554.
- ^ Norbert Mecklenburg: Nature poetry and society. Key words on theory, history and criticism of a poetic genre . In: Norbert Mecklenburg (ed.): Nature poetry and society . Stuttgart 1977, p. 9.
- ^ Günter Häntzschel: Nature lyric . In: Reallexikon der Deutschen Literaturwissenschaft. Edited by Harald Fricke, Vol. 2, Berlin New York 2000 p. 691.
- ↑ Cf. Wendy Anne Kopisch: Nature poetry in the sign of the ecological crisis (dissertation). Kassel 2012 p. 101.