Grünhaus natural paradise

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Grünhaus, a natural paradise: a former lignite mine in Lusatia is turned into a wilderness

Naturparadies Grünhaus is the name of an approximately 1930 hectare renaturation area in a former open- cast lignite mine near Finsterwalde in Niederlausitz, in which wilderness has been developing since 2003 according to the nature conservation concept of process protection "largely uninfluenced by humans" . "Here live animals and plants that have long since disappeared elsewhere: earwig and gyroscope wasp , sand martins and the beautiful hoopoe . Even Wolf and Eagle have moved into this undisturbed bizarre world of leftover tailings dumps, expansive seascapes and desert-like inland dunes, "wrote the television station rbb 2018 in the text accompanying documentation and assessed the mosaic" verschiedenster life forms and natural stages of development "as" unique in Europe ". The area is owned by the NABU Foundation for National Natural Heritage . The Grünhaus natural paradise overlaps in parts with the Grünhaus post-mining nature reserve and is part of the European Lusatian bird sanctuary .

history

Grünhaus was a small village that fell victim to mining in 1975, together with most of an old nature reserve that had been placed under protection because of its stately trees and large capercaillie populations. Today's natural paradise Grünhaus is located in the former open-cast mines Kleinleipisch and Klettwitz , where lignite was extracted until 1991 . With the end of the GDR, the opencast mines became the property of the federal government; originally they were supposed to be renovated according to the Federal Mining Act in order to sell them in line with the market for subsequent agricultural and forestry use. Already in the GDR era, conservationists had drawn attention to the fact that the barren and nutrient-poor landscape left behind by the mining industry had great nature conservation potential, as it offers habitats for animals and plants that have been lost in the cultural landscape.

In 2001, 1300 animal and plant species were identified in the area, many of them classified as endangered on the Red Lists . Between 2003 and 2006, the NABU Foundation bought around 2000 hectares in three closely spaced areas, which together form today's natural paradise Grünhaus . The remediation of unstable areas in the post- mining landscape, which is prescribed by mining law, remains with the Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft (LMBV). As the owner, the NABU Foundation insists that this renovation is consistently implemented in accordance with nature conservation . The foundation runs a project office in masses near Finsterwalde. Over 3000 species now live in the area, such as B. the hoopoe. Typical pioneers in a post-mining landscape are e.g. B. the blue-winged sand insect and the natterjack toad . In 2013 the first wolf was documented with a photo trap, two years later wolf offspring. Impressive are z. B. the cranes , which stop here in large numbers on the autumn migration. Within the natural paradise of Grünhaus, there is the Mainzer Land of around 500 hectares, which is supported by the Rainer von Boeckh Foundation from Mainz and therefore got its name. While the area was not accessible without a guide until 2018 for reasons of mining and nature conservation law, there are now two public panoramic trails u. a. to the crane roosts.

With the support of the NABU regional association Finsterwalde, 12 hectares of species-poor, previously conventionally managed pine forest in the vicinity of Grünhaus are to be converted into "natural, structurally rich and tiered mixed forest" with "wilderness cells" in order to better network the natural paradise with other wilderness areas and to reach other “hotspots of biodiversity”.

Photo gallery

  • Nature is slowly conquering the former open-cast lignite mine

  • The rare blue-winged sand bug as a pioneer

  • Over 3000 species live in the different habitats of the protected area

  • Evening arrival of the cranes in autumn

  • Guided tour in the Grünhaus natural paradise

Movies

  • Grünhaus natural paradise - a wilderness in the making . Introductory video to the area. By Bodo Witzke for the NABU Foundation for National Natural Heritage , published on November 3, 2018
  • Forbidden wilderness - natural wonders after coal , film by Heiderose Häsler and Wolfgang Albus, rbb television, first broadcast on August 18, 2018
  • Why is Herr von Boeckh giving away his money? , Film for Boeckh Foundation , which is under the umbrella of the National Foundation NABU natural heritage for the natural paradise green home uses, NABUTV from December 23, 2015
  • Grünhaus - From the mining desert to the natural paradise by Holger Wittekindt in the Nature Reporter series. 3 Sat, first broadcast on October 24, 2004

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ How a natural paradise emerges from an opencast mine , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  2. ↑ Forbidden Wilderness - Natural Wonders After Coal , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  3. ↑ A foray through the Grünhaus natural paradise, page 4 , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  4. ↑ Nature Conservation and Landscape Management in Brandenburg Heft 3, 4 (2005), pp. 162-164 , accessed on October 9, 2018.
  5. ↑ cf. Stroll through the Grünhaus natural paradise , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  6. ^ The Philanthropists Next Door , accessed October 6, 2018.
  7. ↑ From open pit to natural paradise , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  8. ↑ A nature conservation program for everyone. A project against species loss has started in the Nabu Forest Grünhaus. Lausitzer Rundschau from December 20, 2019