Neolamprologus pulcher

Neolamprologus pulcher
	Neolamprologus pulcher
Systematics
Order :	Cichliformes
Family :	Cichlids (Cichlidae)
Subfamily :	Pseudocrenilabrinae
Tribe :	Lamprologini
Genre :	Neolamprologus
Type :	Neolamprologus pulcher
Scientific name
	Neolamprologus pulcher
	( Trewavas & Poll , 1952)

Neolamprologus pulcher is a species of cichlid endemicto the rocky coasts of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.

features

Neolamprologus pulcher becomes a maximum of 8 cm long, with the females remaining slightly smaller. The body height is 26 to 33% of the standard length . Neolamprologus pulcher is beige in color, the underside is a little lighter. In some populations, the scales on the sides of the body have orange edges, a feature that is often more evident towards the tail stalk. The unpaired fins are long and have white edges. The caudal fin ends in two long white filaments. There are light blue, curved lines on the “cheeks” and two dark spots on the gill cover and preoperculum .

Fins formula : dorsal XVIII – XIX / 8–9, anal V – VIII / 5–7
Dandruff formula 18–22 / 6–11 (SL)
Gill rake: 7-14.

Way of life

Neolamprologus pulcher lives on rocky coasts, feeds on small invertebrates and fish fry and forms a parent family, i. H. Females and males take care of the brood together and defend the territory together. Older young fish also help. The spawn, consisting of 20 to 60 eggs, is deposited in a cave or rock plate.

Systematics

The form was described in 1952 by the ichthyologists Ethelwynn Trewavas and Max Poll as a subspecies of Lamprologus savoryi ( Lamprologus savoryi pulcher ). 22 years later Poll described a very similar form as a separate species under the scientific name Lamprologus brichardi . In 1991 both were assigned to the genus Neolamprologus as separate species . They only differ in the arrangement and shape of the two dark spots on the preoperculum. In Neolamprologus brichardi this is arranged in the form of a lying 'T', in N. pulcher there are two vertical, curved strips. N. brichardi lives in the northern half of the lake and in various places on the south coast, N. pulcher exclusively on the coasts of the southern half of the lake. Both never appear sympatric but often close together, e.g. B. in neighboring rock habitats that are only separated from each other by an estuary.

Neolamprologus olivaceous

DNA analyzes show that it is only one species, the "N. brichardi ”-type emerged several times and from fish of the“ N. pulcher ”type. Since the name Neolamprologus pulcher was introduced first, it has priority over the name Neolamprologus brichardi according to the priority rule of biological nomenclature . Together with the very similar species N. falcicula , N. helianthus , N. marunguensis , N. olivaceous and N. sarvori , N. pulcher forms a monophyletic group within the Lamprologini.

Aquaristics

The species is one of the most popular Tanganyika cichlids among aquarists and is traded under the synonym Neolamprologus brichardi or under the trivial name Princess of Burundi, fairy bass or fork-tailed cichlid.

literature

Pierre Brichard: The Big Book of Tanganyika Cichlids. With all the other fish on Lake Tanganyika. Bede Verlag, 1995, ISBN 978-3927997943 , pages 534-535.

Individual evidence

↑ Nina Duftner, Kristina M. Sefc, Stephan Koblmüller, Walter Salzburger, Michael Taborsky, Christian Sturmbauer: Parallel evolution of facial stripe patterns in the Neolamprologus brichardi / pulcher species complex endemic to Lake Tanganyika . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 45 (2007) 706-715
↑ Julia J. Day, Simona Santini & Jaime Garcia-Moreno: Phylogenetic relationships of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Lamprologini: The story from mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 45, Issue 2, November 2007, Pages 629-642 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2007.02.025
↑ Christian Sturmbauer, Walter Salzburger, Nina Duftner, Robert Schelly & Stephan Koblmüller: Evolutionary history of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Lamprologini (Teleostei: Perciformes) derived from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2010 October; 57 (1): 266-284.
^ Georg Zurlo: Neolamprologus brichardi (Poll, 1974). Princess of Burundi. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 692 f.

Web links

Commons : Neolamprologus pulcher - collection of images, videos and audio files

Neolamprologus pulcher on Fishbase.org (English)

[1] Nina Duftner, Kristina M. Sefc, Stephan Koblmüller, Walter Salzburger, Michael Taborsky, Christian Sturmbauer: Parallel evolution of facial stripe patterns in the Neolamprologus brichardi / pulcher species complex endemic to Lake Tanganyika . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 45 (2007) 706-715

[2] Julia J. Day, Simona Santini & Jaime Garcia-Moreno: Phylogenetic relationships of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Lamprologini: The story from mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 45, Issue 2, November 2007, Pages 629-642 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2007.02.025

[3] Christian Sturmbauer, Walter Salzburger, Nina Duftner, Robert Schelly & Stephan Koblmüller: Evolutionary history of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Lamprologini (Teleostei: Perciformes) derived from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2010 October; 57 (1): 266-284.

[4] Georg Zurlo: Neolamprologus brichardi (Poll, 1974). Princess of Burundi. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 692 f.