Network and system rules of the German transmission system operators
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Title: | Network and system rules of the German transmission system operators |
| Short title: | TransmissionCode (formerly: GridCode) |
| Previous title: | Cooperation rules for the German transmission system operators |
| Type: | Technical regulations |
| Scope: | Extra high voltage network of the Federal Republic of Germany |
| Issued on the basis of: | EnWG ; Electricity Directive |
| Legal matter: | Energy law |
| Original version from: | July 1998 |
| Entry into force on: | |
| Last revision from: | August 2007 |
| Please note the note on the applicable legal version. | |
The network and system rules of the German transmission system operators , called grid code or transmission code for short, are a set of rules of the German transmission system operators for access to the German network . The minimum technical requirements and the procedure for the connection and parallel operation of generating plants on the high and maximum voltage network are specified here. The rules serve the installers and operators of such systems as well as the network operators as planning documents and decision-making aid.
Objectives and scope
The rules are intended to ensure that network access as a prerequisite for a free market - as required by the EnWG - can be open, non-discriminatory and transparent. The aim of the rules is to ensure the stability of the grid and thus the reliability and technical quality of the power supply for the users , even with variable or sometimes even strongly fluctuating feed-in with a decentralized organization .
The rules apply to all types of systems that feed electricity into the network, whereby a distinction is made according to the capacity of the systems: larger power plants and coupling lines to neighboring networks as well as smaller generation systems ( block-type thermal power stations , wind turbines , photovoltaic systems , ...).
The rules only apply to the German network, but since this is integrated into the European network , the technical requirements of the Association of European Transmission System Operators ( ENTSO-E , formerly UCTE ) have also been taken into account.
history
The need for a corresponding set of rules arose in 1998 due to a new version of the Energy Industry Act (EnWG), which resulted in a liberalization of the electricity markets and an organizational separation of electricity generation, transport and distribution.
A first version of the set of rules came into force in mid-1998 under the title Cooperation Rules for German Transmission System Operators . The rules were drawn up by the then association of German transmission system operators, the Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft (DVG), as a technical supplement to the first association agreement (VV I).
With the new version of the association agreement ( "VV II" ), the technical rules were also revised in 2000 ( "GridCode II" or "GridCode 2000" ).
In 2003 the GridCode 2000 was revised by the Association of Network Operators (VDN), the successor organization to DVG, and published under the new abbreviation “TransmissionCode 2003” . The abbreviation was changed to distinguish it from the technical rules for access to distribution networks ( "DistributionCode 2003" ).
In 2007 the rules were revised again ( “TransmissionCode 2007” ).
Currently (as of the end of 2011) the Association of European Transmission System Operators (ENTSO-E) is working on a draft for a new network code at European level. Specifications from various European guidelines and directives should be taken into account and implemented. When it comes into force (expected for 2013 [out of date] ), the European Network Code will replace the content of the German regulations.
Content
The rules describe in detail the technical requirements and the procedure, divided into the following sections:
- The section “ Connection Conditions ” specifies which technical capabilities a generating plant must have and which contributions it must be able to provide so that it can be connected to the grid. This affects, among other things , the output of active and reactive power , the contribution to frequency maintenance / support (primary and secondary control and minute reserve ) and to voltage control. Furthermore, it should be ensured that disruptions in the generating plant do not affect the network (grid protection) and that, conversely, the generating plant contributes to stabilization and rebuilding of the network in the event of disruptions in the network ( load shedding and interception on island operation , black start capability , ...). The technical aspects of billing are also dealt with here ( electricity meter , ...)
- In the section " Grid use " , the technical aspects of transmission are dealt with ( transmission losses, bottlenecks, treatment of EEG electricity, ...).
- The section “ System services ” describes the services that the network operator must provide in addition to the transmission of energy in order to ensure the quality of the supply, in particular frequency and voltage maintenance, network restoration after disruptions and operational management.
- The section “ Network expansion ” describes how the operator should set up the network in terms of its capacity and architecture in order to achieve the lowest possible susceptibility to errors and thus a high level of security of supply. The N-1 rule , which specifies redundancy for the failure of components, plays a central role here .
- The section " System operational planning and system management " defines which coordinating and organizational tasks the network operator assumes between the various producers. These are, for example, the definition of the daily load schedules, the timing of the revision periods of large power plants, the technical organization of load distribution centers for network management and for frequency and voltage maintenance as well as the counting and billing of the energy fed in and passed through.
literature
- Joachim Kleest , Egon Reuter : Network access in the liberalized electricity market . Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2002, ISBN 3-8244-0659-4 .
- Dietrich Oeding , Bernd R. Oswald : Electrical power plants and networks . 6th edition. Springer, 2004, ISBN 3-540-00863-2 .
- Adolf J. Schwab : Electrical energy systems: generation, transport, transmission and distribution of electrical energy . 2nd Edition. Springer, 2009, ISBN 3-540-92226-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ DVG Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V. (Ed.): GRIDCODE 2000 - Network and system rules of the German transmission system operators . 2nd Edition. DVG, Heidelberg 2000 ( full text as PDF ).
- ↑ Generating plants on the extra high voltage network. VDE , accessed on December 8, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c Kleest 2002 (see section Literature )
- ↑ Glossary. Amprion , accessed December 7, 2011 .
- ^ Association of network operators (ed.): TransmissionCode 2007 . VDN, Berlin 2007 ( pdf, 618 kB ).
- ^ ENTSO-E's Network Code Development. (No longer available online.) ENTSO-E , archived from the original on January 19, 2012 ; Retrieved December 7, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
