Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity
The Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity ( UCTE ; German Union for the Coordination of the Transport of Electricity ) was responsible for the coordination of the operation and the expansion of the European network , with which a total of over 400 million consumers are supplied. Most recently, members were 29 transmission system operators from 24 countries. Since July 1, 2009 the organizational tasks of the UCTE have been taken over by the superordinate European Association of Transmission System Operators (ENTSO-E, European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity ).
Coordinating organizations in other regions with similar tasks are COMELEC in North Africa and North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) in North America .
history
The predecessor of the UCTE was on May 23, 1951 in Paris at the suggestion of the then OEEC founded Union pour la coordination de la production et du transport de l'électricité (UCPTE). The UCPTE was transformed into the UCTE in 1999 due to the liberalization of the electricity market . Like practically all electrical energy networks, the UCTE network is designed as a three-phase high-voltage transmission network .
The founding members of UCPTE in 1951 were: Belgium , Germany , France , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands , Austria , Switzerland . In 1987 the UCPTE network was expanded to include four new countries: Greece , Yugoslavia , Spain and Portugal . With the so-called synchronous connection of the Eastern European network system CENTREL in 1995, the Czech Republic , Slovakia , Poland and Hungary also became members of the UCPTE.
On October 10, 2004, the south-east European network area of the UCTE, which was separated in 1991 by the effects of the war and extended from Croatia via Greece to Romania , was reconnected to the central European network. The prerequisite for this was extensive repair work and the construction of new substations and lines, especially in Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina .
ENTSO-E, which includes network operators from various interconnected networks, has been taking on the organizational and administrative tasks since 2009. The technical limits of the interconnected networks and the former UCTE have remained unchanged, however, and electrical interconnected networks such as that of the UCTE and the Scandinavian countries cannot be directly connected electrically in the NORDEL network . The interconnections have indeed with respect to the mains frequency the same nominal value of 50 Hz, but specific deviations and phase angles of the mains frequency are different, that is, the networks are asynchronous to each other. Electrical energy between these interconnected networks can only be transmitted in the form of direct current via high-voltage direct current transmission lines (HVDC) or direct current short couplings (GKK).
Members
Before the transition to ENTSO-E in 2009, transmission system operators from 24 countries were last represented in the UCTE:
The Scandinavian countries are members of NORDEL . Denmark is a member of both UCTE and NORDEL, with the network on the islands of Zealand , Falster and Lolland being regulated according to NORDEL criteria, while in Jutland and the island of Funen it is operated according to UCTE guidelines. Between the networks of the UCTE and the NORDEL there are some systems for high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) such as the Konti-Skan or the Cross-Skagerrak .
The British Isles form their own network systems. Iceland and Cyprus operate so-called island networks and are not technically connected to any network. Since 2015, Malta has had a 200 MW connection to the Italian network with the Malta-Sicily-Interconnector.
Web links
- UCTE on the website of the successor organization ENTSO-E (English)
- The 50 Year Success Story - Evolution of a European Interconnected Grid. (PDF) Secretariat of UCTE, 2009, accessed on February 7, 2018 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b UCTE Annual Report 2008. (PDF) Secretariat of UCTE, 2009, accessed on February 7, 2018 (English).
- ↑ a b https://www.entsoe.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/_library/publications/ce/report_2000_2.pdf p. 1, p. 16, p. 18