German association

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DVG Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V.
(DVG)
purpose Coordination of the power grid
Establishment date: 1948
Dissolution date: 2001
Number of members: 9 energy supply companies
Seat : Heidelberg , Germany

The DVG Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft eV ( DVG ) was an association of nine large electricity supply companies in Germany . The DVG existed from 1948 to 2001 with its seat in Heidelberg . With the dissolution of the later umbrella organization VDEW , the DVG merged into the Association of Network Operators (VDN).

history

The forerunner company "Aktiengesellschaft für deutsche Elektrizitätswirtschaft" (AdE) was founded on May 16, 1928. The secret operation was directed against RWE, because the only founding members were the state-owned companies EWAG , PREAG , and the Bayernwerk , which had set themselves the task of one to build another 220 kV line next to the north-south line of RWE. In February 1929, RWE founded the rival organization "Westdeutsche Elektrizitätswirtschafts AG" , with Badenwerk , VEW , Kommunales Elektrizitätswerk "Mark" AG and the RWE Group's own plants BIAG , Main-Kraftwerke AG (MKW), HEAG and Elektrizitätswerk Rheinhessen AG. As a result, the inclusion of the larger companies in the AdE was enforced in May 1929. This so-called second German electrical peace confirmed the demarcation lines of the first electrical peace of 1927 and thus created the constellations that were to determine the structure of the supply system in its essential structures into the 21st century. The members of the AdE were then identical to those of the newly founded association in the western part. The association was founded in 1948 on the initiative of RWE by the seven largest West German energy and electricity supply companies (EVU). The following electricity suppliers were among the founding members: Badenwerk AG, Bayernwerk AG, Energie -versorgung Schwaben AG (EVS), Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke AG (HEW), Preußische Elektrizitäts AG (Preußenelektra), RWE and VEW. In 1949 the Berliner Kraft- und Licht-AG (BEWAG) and the EWAG were added; henceforth the DVG consisted of the nine largest (west) German energy supply companies.

The association was run in the legal form of a registered association . He was supposed to coordinate the planning and operation of the respective high-voltage networks for electricity , to set up a 400/380 kV network (previously 220 kV) proposed by RWE in the 1930s , and thus to build an efficient network for the whole of West Germany .

The main activity of DVG then also lay in advising on the operation of a high-voltage network as well as on the national and, ultimately, international network operation of the power supply, i.e. the cooperation between the individual transmission network operators . Other activities included, among other things, specifications for the regulation of the electricity network and the operating modes of the electricity companies that are coordinated with it . The association also carried out research in these areas and established standards for the construction and operation of high-voltage lines . For example, in November 2000 the association presented the Gridcode 2000 , with which the technical network access conditions for the electricity network were updated and adapted to the new electricity association agreement (VV II) .

Until the end of 2001, the network level of the German electricity industry was represented by the DVG, while that of the regional suppliers was represented by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Regionaler Energieversorger (ARE) and that of the municipal companies by the Association of municipal companies (VKU). The Association of German Electricity Works (VDEW) acted as the central umbrella organization for all three organizational levels from 1950 .

The association was active on a national and later international level and worked together with the Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity (UCPTE), the Union Internationale des Producteurs et Distributeurs d'Energie Electrique (UNIPEDE) and the Electricity Committee at the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN / ECE).

The association stopped its activities at the end of 2001 and became part of the network operator association . The German electrical engineer and energy manager Ernst Hagenmeyer was the first chairman of the Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft from 1995 until its dissolution .

The association's files , which cover the period from 1948 to 2002 and comprise around 2,900 individual files, are archived in the RWE AG's historical corporate archive.

Positions and Criticism

Within the VDEW, the DVG had a “special position of power”, as its member companies were responsible for the majority of the national electricity supply. As early as the 1970s, DVG was described as a “ cartel of the large utility companies”, “which is the market leader in the supply of electrical energy”.

The branch and market structures of the West German electricity industry developed up to the 1990s in such a way that the network companies merged in DVG continued to dominate the electricity market in West Germany as an oligopoly . The nine affiliated companies , the large power plants and the integrated high-voltage network (220/380 kV) operated at the top market level (DVG 1991). The market transactions of DVG members were determined by the "exclusion of direct competition".

After the 4th amendment to cartel law came into effect in 1980, the question arose for many municipalities in Germany whether the energy supply should be taken over by themselves or transferred to an “external” company. Based on a legal discussion about the interpretation of Art. 28 Para. 2  GG in relation to the energy supply, a heated communalization debate arose in the 1980s , in which the DVG took a stand against the position of the municipalities and took a stand against one "Strategic municipalization". Together with the Working Group of Regional Energy Supply Companies (ARE), the DVG primarily criticized the municipal rights of way , which represent the “essential lever for creating municipal supply structures”, as a “grossly competition-distorting factor”.

In the 1998 amendment to the Energy Industry Act , which, in implementation of the EC directive on the internal energy market , was primarily intended to liberalize the electricity market, Germany decided, in contrast to all other member states of the European Union, for the " negotiated network access model ". Free from state supervision, the network operator and producer associations should agree on regulations for the newly created "transmission option" and, above all, the amount of the user fee. After the first electricity association agreement (VV I) of 1998, "transmission" was recognized as a problem and an expanded group of actors, including the DVG, agreed at the end of 1999 in the second association agreement (VV II) on a significant simplification of the "transit procedure". Despite the considerable improvement through the VV II, there were subsequently "numerous cases of incidents and hindrances on the part of the established suppliers" and there was considerable criticism from the public, politics and consumer and environmental protection associations of the actors and their "anti-competitive practices ".

The association was considered to be a “particularly relevant” sales agent for “promoting the trading volume” in the electricity sector, as it frequently published specialist articles on changes in network usage procedures and was the only institution in Germany to have centralized data on the physical electricity trading volume.

Publications (selection)

  • DVG (Hrsg.): The network operation in the German power supply. German Association, Heidelberg 1953.
  • DVG (Hrsg.): The planning of the 380 kV network in the German Verbundgesellschaft. German Association, Heidelberg 1957.
  • DVG (Hrsg.): Development of the network operation in the German power supply. 10 years 1948–1958. German Association, Heidelberg 1958.
  • DVG (Ed.): Data from the network economy of the Federal Republic of Germany. German Association, Heidelberg 1991.
  • Artur Schnug, Lutz Fleischer (author); DVG (ed.): Building blocks for electricity Europe. A chronicle of the electrical network in Germany. 50 years of the German Verbundgesellschaft. German Association, Heidelberg 1998.

literature

  • Georg Boll: history of the network. Origin and development of the network in the German electricity industry up to the European network. A review of the 20th anniversary of the Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V. - DVG - Heidelberg. VWEW Energieverlag, Frankfurt am Main 1969.
  • Edgar Lehrmann: Information management in electricity trading. An economic analysis of the use of information from the perspective of German affiliated companies. Mensch-und-Buch Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-89820-459-6 (also dissertation , University of Essen 2001; online , PDF file).
  • Theo Horstmann, Klaus Kleinekorte (ed.): Electricity for Europe. 75 years of RWE main control center in Brauweiler 1928–2003. Power for Europe. Klartext, Essen 2003, ISBN 3-89861-255-4 (German, English).
  • André Suck: Renewable energies and competition in the electricity industry. State regulation in comparison between Germany and Great Britain. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-15826-6 . (also dissertation , FernUniversität in Hagen 2006; online at Google books ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Norbert Gilson: The error as the basis of success. The RWE and the implementation of the economic calculation of the network economy up to the 1930s, in: Helmut Maier (Ed.): Electricity economy between environment, technology and politics: Aspects from 100 years of RWE history 1898-1998, Freiberg 1999, p. 82f .
  2. ↑ Udo Leuschner : The "electrical peace" enabled the further expansion of the network system . First and second "Electric Peace". Heidelberg ( HTML [accessed February 8, 2014]).
  3. ^ Daniel Wolter, Egon Reuter: Price and trade concepts in the electricity industry. From the beginnings of the electricity industry to the establishment of an electricity exchange. Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-8244-0765-5 , p. 189 ( online at Google books ).
  4. ↑ a b c inventory overview. DVG Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V. . On: Archives in NRW ; Retrieved May 2, 2011.
  5. ↑ Chronicle 1946–1958. Between reconstruction and international network economy → 1948 . In: RWE history on the website of the RWE group ; Retrieved May 4, 2011.
  6. ^ Mirka Senke: Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V. (DVG). Grid Code 2000 presented ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: EWeRK magazine , November 14, 2000; Retrieved May 2, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ewerk.hu-berlin.de
  7. ↑ Gridcode 2000. Network and system rules of the German transmission network operators  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Ed .: DVG Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft e. V., Heidelberg, April 20, 2000; PDF file, accessed May 2, 2011.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ewerk.hu-berlin.de  
  8. ^ A b André Suck: Renewable energies and competition in the electricity industry. State regulation in comparison between Germany and Great Britain. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-15826-6 , p. 87 (also dissertation , FernUniversität in Hagen 2006; online at Google books).
  9. ↑ Helmut Gröner: The order of the German electricity industry. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 1975, ISBN 3-7890-0126-0 , pp. 229-230 ( Commercial Law and Economic Policy , Vol. 41; also habilitation , University of Bonn 1975)
  10. ↑ DVG (Ed.): Data from the network economy of the Federal Republic of Germany. German Association, Heidelberg 1991.
  11. ↑ Martin Richter: Between corporations and municipalities: The electricity and gas industry. In: Roland Czada, Gerhard Lehmbruch (ed.): Transformation paths in East Germany. Contributions to sectoral unification policy. Campus-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1998, ISBN 3-593-35868-9 , pp. 113-141 ( publications from the Max Planck Institute for Social Research, Cologne , vol. 32; online at Google books).
  12. ^ Felix Christian Matthes: Electricity industry and German unity. A case study on the transformation of the electricity industry in East Germany. BoD, Norderstedt 2000, ISBN 3-89811-806-1 , pp. 159–176 ( Edition Energie + Umwelt , Vol. 1; also dissertation , Freie Universität Berlin 1999; online at Google books ).
  13. ↑ Eike Arnold: The German electricity sector in the liberalization process. Analysis and recommendations for action for a liberalized market against the background of the charge of restricted competition. GRIN Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-640-87094-3 , pp. 17–28 (also master's thesis , University of Potsdam 2007; online at Google books).
  14. ^ Edgar Lehrmann: Information management in trading electricity. An economic analysis of the use of information from the perspective of German affiliated companies. Mensch-und-Buch Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-89820-459-6 (also dissertation , University of Essen 2001; online , PDF file, pp. 277, 315 ff).