Electrical works
| Elektrowerke AG later EWAG |
|
|---|---|
| legal form |
Aktiengesellschaft (from 1968 GmbH ) |
| founding | 1892 |
| resolution | 2000 |
| Seat | Berlin |
| Branch |
Energy supplier coal mining |
The Elektrowerke ( EWAG , also called Reichs-Elektrowerke ) were a temporarily state-owned energy supply company with headquarters in Berlin .
history
The company was founded in 1892 as the lignite works Golpa-Jeßnitz AG in Halle as a subsidiary of AEG . In 1915 the name was changed to Elektrowerke AG and the headquarters moved to Berlin.
From 1915, the EWAG built on behalf of the German Reich the power plant Zschornewitz to the kingdom nitrogen Piesteritz to power and other industrial enterprises with electricity. Since the construction project threatened to turn into a financial disaster for AEG due to increased costs in connection with the First World War, but the power plant was of great importance for the Central German armaments industry, the Reich Treasury took over the entire share capital of EWAG in 1917. In 1919 the company became a member of the Central German Brown Coal Syndicate .
The empire's own EWAG grew into one of the most important energy suppliers in Germany. In the so-called electrical peace of 1927/28, EWAG had contractually staked out its sphere of influence against the areas of other electricity suppliers, in particular RWE and PreußenElektra . In May 1928, EWAG, PreussenElektra, and Bayernwerk (Munich) founded the stock corporation for the German electricity industry based in Berlin. It is regarded as the forerunner of the German Association that existed until 2001 .
At the time of its greatest expansion, the EWAG supply area comprised most of what was then Central and Eastern Germany (Berlin, Brandenburg, Saxony, Anhalt, Pomerania, Silesia ...). Until 1943 there were various holdings in the central German coal mining and energy sector, including the Elektrizitätswerk Sachsen-Anhalt AG (ESAG) in Halle / Saale, the Braunschweigische Kohlen-Bergwerke AG in Helmstedt, the Schlesische Elektrizitäts- und Gas AG in Gleiwitz or the Elektrizitätswerk Schlesien in Wroclaw. Among other things, EWAG was a founding member of Braunkohle-Petrol AG (BRABAG) in 1934 and built the world's largest brown coal power plant in Vockerode from 1935 .
In 1943, EWAG became the property of the Reich-owned Vereinigte Industrieunternehmungen AG (VIAG), in which the German Reich had combined its industrial holdings.
At the end of the Second World War , the West Berlin- based EWAG lost almost its entire supply area in the Soviet Zone (later GDR and eastern German areas) and thus almost completely its importance as an EVU. As a VIAG subsidiary, EWAG continued to exist formally. In 1968 the AG changed its name to a GmbH . The electrical works were converted by VIAG into an investment company in which VIAG concentrated its activities in the energy sector. In this function, Elektrowerke GmbH held stakes in Bewag , BKB and Didier-Werke from time to time .
With the VIAG VEBA merger in 2000, the Elektrowerke went to E.ON on.
literature
- Elektrowerke Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin. Raue, Charlottenburg 1926.
- Richard Hamburger: The electricity industry. Elektrowerke A.-G. (= Model companies of the German economy , Volume 1.) Berlin 1928.
- Archive for Industry and Commerce (Ed.): Reichselektrowerke Berlin. Berlin undated (around 1931).
- Elektrowerke AG - Reichselektrowerke, Berlin. (Advertising leaflet) Elsner, Berlin 1931.
- Ernst Heissmann: The Reichselektrowerke. An example of the profitability of state enterprises. Hoppenstedt, Berlin 1931.
- Landesarchiv Berlin (Ed.): A Rep. 250-03-07. Elektrowerke AG. ( Finding aid )
Web links
- Early documents and newspaper articles on electrical works in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Udo Leuschner: The empire failed with its monopoly plans, but operated successfully as an electricity producer . Heidelberg ( HTML [accessed March 16, 2009]).
- ↑ Udo Leuschner: The "electrical peace" enabled the further expansion of the network system . First and second "Electric Peace". Heidelberg ( HTML [accessed December 30, 2008]).
- ↑ Annual reports and press releases EWAG Hamburgisches Welt-Wirtschafts-Archiv, accessed on June 16, 2019
- ↑ Landesarchiv Berlin: A Rep. 250-03-07. Elektrowerke AG , Findbuch ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 733 kB)
