Non-megalithic round mounds
Nichtmegalithische Round Hill ( English non-megalithic Round Barrows ) are a form of Neolithic tombs. Located in the middle of the larger range of the non-megalithic long mounds , they are concentrated as mounds in the north-east of England . With the advent of the bell beaker culture and the Bronze Age, they replaced the Neolithic Long Barrow . In England, in addition to the Oval Barrow, there is a division into:
- Bell Barrow, with and without an outer wall
- Bowl barrow, with and without an outer wall
- Disc Barrow
- Pont Barrow
- Saucer Barrow
The approximately 40 round mounds that have been preserved contain multiple burials with a few grave goods . On Callis Wold in East Yorkshire and in Seamer Moore in North Yorkshire, foundation trenches for wooden facades and a concentration of burials in a straight line indicate that the chamber construction was identical to that under the long mounds.
The large round tumuli were traditionally believed to be Bronze Age , but as early as the 19th century in Yorkshire it was recognized that several ( Duggleby Howe ) were indistinguishable from the neighboring Long Barrows. So it was initially assumed that the long hills were damaged. Recent excavations have shown the occasional presence of a round curb or ring ditch and showed that the round mound was a variant of its own, but more common in Scotland (Midtown of Pitglassie, one of the cairns of Atherb, East Finnercy and Pitnacree) as the stone form of the "Round Cairns" (stone mound).
Rectangular chambers framed by posts are also found under the Round Cairns at Pitnacree, in Perthshire, and at Aldwincle, in Northamptonshire . The kidney-shaped mound of earth at Whiteleaf, in Buckinghamshire , covered a wooden chamber defined by four corner posts, reminiscent of the Clyde-type stone chambers , several of which were originally covered by small round cairns.
Fluctuations in the material of the chamber and the shape of the mound are widespread in terms of time and space, but their small numbers make recognizing certain patterns difficult. The strange stone chambers and multiphase cairns of Long Low and Great Ayton Moore and the four megalithic complexes in Derbyshire are typical of them. It is difficult to judge whether they are independent local manifestations or variants of existing types.
A significant pattern that emerges from a study of the Neolithic round hills of northern England is the gradually developing habit of reducing the burial of the dead. Another peculiarity can be seen in the fact that the pits flanking the long hills on both sides are missing in the case of round hills. See Thurnam's riddle .
Spread of Round Barrows in Lincolnshire
- Beacon Hill (Lincolnshire) , at Cleethorpes
- Bully Hills , burial ground near Tathwell
- Burgh on Bain, Barrows at Burgh on Bain
- Burwell Wood, Barrows at Muckton
- Buslingthorpe, near Buslingthorpe
- Butterbumps, burial ground at Willoughby
- Cleatham Barrow, at Manton
- Donnington-on-Bain, at Donington on Bain
- Folk Moot & Butt Mound, at Silk Willoughby
- Fordington Barrows, at Ulceby
- Grim's Mound , at Burgh on Bain
- Hagworthingham, at Hagworthingham
- Hatcliffe Barrow, at Hatcliffe
- Howe Hill, at Ulceby
- King's Hill, Barrow / Mound near Bardney
- Ludford Barrow, at Ludford
- Mill Hill , at Claxby
- Revesby Barrows, at Revesby
- Ring Holt, at Dalby's
See also
literature
- Paul Ashbee: The Earthen Long Barrow in Britain: An Introduction to the Study of the Funerary Practice and Culture of the Neolithic People of the Third Millennium BC. Geo Books 1984. ISBN 0-8609-4170-1 .
- Timothy Darvill: Long Barrows of the Cotswolds and surrounding areas. Tempus Publishing. 2004 ISBN 0-7524-2907-8 .
- Frances Lynch: Megalithic Tombs and Long Barrows in Britain. Shire Publications Ltd. 1997 ISBN 0-7478-0341-2 .
- Lionel Masters: Chambered tombs and Non-megalithic Barrows in Britain In: John D. Evans, Barry Cunliffe , Colin Renfrew (Eds.): Antiquity and Man. Essays in honor of David Glyn. Thames & Hudson, London 1981, ISBN 0-500-05040-6 pp. 161-176