Niederoechsen
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Niederoechsen
community Oechsen
Coordinates: 50 ° 45 ′ 4 ″ N , 10 ° 3 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 390 m above sea level NN | |
| Postal code : | 36404 | |
| Area code : | 036965 | |
Location of Niederoechsen in Thuringia |
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 Partial view from the southwest (2017)
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Niederoechsen is part of the Oechsen community in the Wartburg district in Thuringia.
location
Niederoechsen is located on the upper reaches of the Öchse , one kilometer north of the center of the main town and, as a settlement, encompasses the development of the (present-day) Bahnhofstrasse and Schachtstrasse von Oechsen. The state road L 2601 leads past Niederoechsen to the east. The geographical height is 390 m above sea level. NN .
history
The region around the village of Oechsen was already settled in prehistoric times; Celtic fortifications and settlement sites have been documented on the adjacent mountain tops.
The medieval population growth resulted in the expansion of the place, Niederoechsen was first mentioned on November 12, 1404. Three mills were built on the Öchse - Thalmühle , Heiligenmühle and Eselsmühle offered further incentives for settlement. Oechsen was an exclave of the Hessian office of Vacha for a long time and only came to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach in 1816 .
The statistical data for the Niederöchsen district name 5 houses with 30 inhabitants for 1910, the Heiligenmühle had another 5 residents and the Thalmühle had 4 residents.
In 1897 the "Kalibohrgesellschaft Sachsen-Weimar" was founded with the permission of the Grand Ducal Ministry of Economics of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . It was the first potash mining company in the later Werra potash district . The first exploratory boreholes were made in 1897/98 as a deep borehole “Sachsen-Weimar I” in the Unterbreizbach corridor and in 1898 as a deep borehole “Sachsen-Weimar II” at the Räsaer Mühle . The prospecting results were promising and led to the establishment of the mining company “Sachsen-Weimar” in 1899. Miners, engineers and construction workers were recruited to start building the first mine buildings in Unterbreizbach. From 1905 the sinking of the First Shaft in Unterbreizbach began, and potash extraction could begin in 1910. Another union “Heiligenmühle” was approved by the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach for a larger area around Oechsen in 1909. Two shafts were constructed in the Niederoechsen corridor - the sinking of the Heiligenmühle shaft began on April 1, 1911, in December 1911 a depth of 266 m was reached, and in the summer of 1912 the mining field was excavated at a depth of 450 m reached. The work was carried out by the Deutsche Schachtbaugesellschaft, and the shaft was secured with concrete elements. The Mariengart shaft was built in the immediate vicinity. For both shafts 7.5 "normal fields" were approved for mining, but the end of the mining work came earlier than expected:
- The union “Heiligenmühle” encountered considerable water inflows when approaching the Platten-Dolomites.
The operation had to be stopped with the mining technology existing around 1912, pumping out the water masses made the operation of the mine unprofitable at this point. Already at this point the construction of five miners' houses on the outskirts of Niederoechsen was being built as a factory settlement, at the same time the Wenigentaft-Mansbach-Oechsen railway was built and opened for freight traffic on August 15, 1912; Quarry company on Dietrichsberg still gain economic importance.
The abandoned company premises of the Heiligenmühle and Mariengart trade unions with the former terminal station in the center now form an industrial area of the municipality of Oechsen.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ Robert Riemann Keltenburgen north and south of the Thuringian Forest Hagenberg-Verlag, Homburg 1986, p. 26
- ^ Wolfgang Kahl : First mention of Thuringian towns and villages. A manual. Rockstuhl Publishing House, Bad Langensalza 2010, ISBN 978-3-86777-202-0 , p. 199.
- ^ Meyers Orts- und Verkehrslexikon. Leipzig 1913
- ^ Note on the ingress of water in the specialist journal DER OELMOTOR, journal for the entire progress in the field of internal combustion engines, Volume 2, JG. 1912. p. 344.