Nikola Muschanov
Nikola Stoikow Muschanow ( Bulgarian Никола Стойков Мушанов ; born April 12, 1872 in Drjanowo , † May 10, 1951 in Sofia ) was a Bulgarian politician and Prime Minister .
biography
Studies and professional career
After attending school, he studied law at the University of Aix-en-Provence ( France ), which he graduated in 1893. In the same year he became a public prosecutor in Stara Sagora and Varna . Subsequently, he settled as a lawyer in Russe in 1897 , where he worked until 1908.
MP and Minister
Muschanow began his political career in 1902 when he was elected member of the National Assembly, which he initially only belonged to until 1903.
On January 29, 1908, Prime Minister Aleksandar Malinov appointed him Minister of National Education. He held this office until September 18, 1910 and then took over the office of Minister of the Interior in his cabinet until March 29, 1911.
In the 1911 election to the National Assembly, he was re-elected as a deputy. As such, he was a member of parliament this time until 1934.
After the First World War he was from June 21 to October 17, 1918 first Minister for Public Buildings and then until November 28, 1918 Minister for Transport, Post and Telegraph in the second cabinet of Malinow. Subsequently, from November 28, 1918 to May 7, 1919, he was again Minister of the Interior and Minister of National Health in Teodor Teodorow's cabinet .
In the following twelve years he was only active as a member of parliament, before he was appointed Minister of the Interior and Minister for National Health in his third cabinet on June 29, 1931 by Prime Minister Malinov.
Prime Minister from 1931 to 1934
On October 12, 1931, he was finally appointed Prime Minister as successor to Malinow himself . At the same time he was foreign minister. In addition, he was Minister of Justice from December 31, 1932 to January 18, 1933, and Minister of Transport, Post and Telegraphy from May 5 to 19, 1934.
His greatest political success was the end of the war reparations that Bulgaria had to pay up to that point in 1932. Despite this success, the economy remained in poor shape. On the other hand, the improvements he and Kemal Ataturk pushed ahead with Turkey led to the strengthening of right-wing parties. He was also a staunch advocate of the freedom of peoples and hosted a conference of the Liberal Entente .
Ultimately, he was overthrown on May 19, 1934 by a military coup by the militarist movement ZVENO under Colonel Kimon Georgiev , who subsequently succeeded him as Prime Minister.
In 1938 he was elected as the successor to the late Malinov chairman of the Democratic Party ( Demokratičeska Partija ). He held this office until 1947. From 1938 to 1939 and from 1940 to 1944 he was again a member of the National Assembly. He was also President of the 24th National Assembly from 1938 to 1939.
World War II and People's Republic of Bulgaria
During the Second World War he gained the reputation of being a helper for the Jewish population before the Holocaust . From September 2 to 9, 1944, Minister without Portfolio was in the government of Prime Minister Konstantin Vladov Muraviev .
After the Second World War and the founding of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, he unsuccessfully tried to persuade the Communist Party to return to democracy . Ultimately, however, he withdrew from public life.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Homepage of the International Liberal Organization ( Memento of the original from June 21, 2013 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Bulgaria in World War II. In: The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Bulgaria
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Aleksandar Malinov |
Prime Minister of Bulgaria 1931–1934 |
Kimon Georgiev |
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Aleksandar Malinov |
Foreign Minister of the Kingdom of Bulgaria October 29, 1931 - May 19, 1934 |
Kimon Georgiev |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Muschanov, Nikola |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Muschanow, Nikola Stoikow (full name); Мушанов, Никола Стойков (Bulgarian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bulgarian politician and prime minister |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 12, 1872 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Drjanowo |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 10, 1951 |
| Place of death | Sofia |