Nikolai Ivanovich Shakura

Nikolai Ivanovich Shakura ( Russian: Николай Иванович Шакура , English transcription Nikolaj Ivanovich Shakura; born October 7, 1945 in Krasnauski , Svetlahorsk district ) is a Russian astronomer and astrophysicist .

Life

Shakura was born in the village of Danilowka of the village soviet Krasnauski in Svetlahorsk Raion in Belarus. After leaving school, he studied at the Faculty of Physics at Lomonossow University Moscow (MGU) until 1969 and then became an aspirant. His scientific teacher was Jakow Seldowitsch . Since 1972 he has worked at the Sternberg Institute for Astronomy at Moscow University, where he became head of the Department of Relativistic Astrophysics in 1995. In 1988 he obtained a Russian doctorate (equivalent to the habilitation) with a thesis on the theory of the accretion disk and some of its astrophysical applications. In 2009 he became a professor at MGU.

In 1973 he published with Rashid Sunyaev a groundbreaking work on the theory of accretion to black holes in a disk. This publication is considered to be the classic description of the mechanism of the transfer of mass in binary star systems and the release of gravitational energy. They designed the image of a geometrically thin accretion disk, also known as the standard Shakura-Sunyaev disk . Your theoretical model provides detailed predictions about the shape of the emitted spectrum of the accretion disk, which enables a direct comparison with observations. With more than 8,600 citations (recorded in the Astrophysics Data System , as of August 2018), the work from 1973 is considered the most cited publication in the field of theoretical astrophysics .

Together with Rashid Sunyaev he received the State Prize of the Russian Federation for 2016.

The asteroid (14322) Shakura was named after him.

Fonts (selection)

NI Shakura, RA Sunyaev: Black holes in binary systems. Observational appearance . In: Astronomy and Astrophysics . tape 24 , 1973, pp. 337-355 .
NI Shakura, RA Sunyaev: A theory of the instability of disk accretion on to black holes and the variability of binary X-ray sources, galactic nuclei and quasars . In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . tape 175 , no. 3 , 1976, p. 613-632 , doi : 10.1093 / mnras / 175.3.613 .

Web links

Homepage at Lomonosov University (Russian)
Publications by N. Shakura in the Astrophysics Data System
Russian State Prize for Rashid Sunyaev. Press release. Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics , accessed on August 9, 2018 .

Individual evidence

↑ Nikolai Ivanovich Schakura - Recipient of the State Prize of Russia. Message. Lomonosov University, June 12, 2017, accessed August 9, 2018 (Russian).

personal data
SURNAME	Shakura, Nikolai Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Шакура, Николай Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian astronomer and astrophysicist
DATE OF BIRTH	October 7, 1945
PLACE OF BIRTH	Krasnauski , Svetlahorsk Raion

[1] Nikolai Ivanovich Schakura - Recipient of the State Prize of Russia. Message. Lomonosov University, June 12, 2017, accessed August 9, 2018 (Russian).