Rashid Sunyaev
Rashid Sunyaev (also Russian Рашид Алиевич Сюняев / Raschid Alijewitsch Sjunjajew ; born March 1, 1943 in Tashkent , Uzbek SSR , Soviet Union ) is a Russian astrophysicist of Tatar origin.
Life
Rashid Sunyaev was born in Tashkent ( Uzbekistan , then USSR ) in 1943 . He studied at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and was a doctoral student with Yakov Seldowitsch . In 1968 he received his doctorate from Moscow State University. 1974 to 1982 Sunyaev headed the laboratory for theoretical astrophysics at the Space Research Institute (IKI) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . 1982–2002 he set up the department for high-energy astrophysics there. Since 1995 he has also been director at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching near Munich. Sunyaev was a project scientist for several satellite observatories in X-ray and gamma astronomy .
His eldest son, Shamil, is Distinguished Chair Professor of Genetics at Harvard University and his youngest son, Ali , is Professor of Computer Science at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology .
plant
Sunyaev works in many areas of cosmology , relativistic astrophysics , and X-ray astronomy . Together with Seldovich (English transcription Zeldovich) he described the Sunjajew-Seldowitsch effect , the change in cosmic background radiation when passing through the hot gas of a galaxy cluster . His work with Nikolai Ivanovich Schakura on the structure of accretion disks was an important step in understanding the influx of matter onto stellar black holes in X-ray binary stars and black holes in active galactic nuclei , and is one of the most cited works in modern astrophysics. Their result was the standard disk model released in 1973.
Since 2017, Clarivate Analytics has been one of the favorites for a Nobel Prize in Physics ( Clarivate Citation Laureates , formerly Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates ) due to the number of his citations . For 2018 Sunyaev was awarded the Marcel Grossmann Award . For 2019 he received the Dirac Medal (ICTP) .
literature
- Yudhijit Bhattacharjee: In the Afterglow of the Big Bang - Toiling behind the Iron Curtain under a tough mentor, a Russian astrophysicist uncovered secrets of the universe that have led to discoveries 4 decades later. In: Science . Vol. 327, January 1, 2010, p. 26.
Awards
- Bruno Rossi Prize of the American Astronomical Society (1989)
- Royal Astronomical Society Gold Medal (1995)
- Catherine Bruce Gold Medal from the Astronomical Society of Pacific (2000)
- State Prize of the Russian Federation for the scientific results of the GRANAT space observatory (2000)
- Alexander Friedmann Prize for Gravitation and Cosmology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2002)
- Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics from the American Astronomical Society and the American Institute for Physics (2003)
- Gruber Prize for Cosmology (2003)
- Namesake for the asteroid Sunyaev (2004)
- Crafoord Prize in Astronomy from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2008)
- Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society (2008)
- Karl Schwarzschild Medal of the Astronomical Society (2008)
- König Faisal Prize for Physics (2009)
- Federal Cross of Merit on Ribbon (2010)
- Kyoto Prize in the Basic Research Category (2011)
- Benjamin Franklin Medal (2012)
- Eddington Medal (2015)
- Oskar Klein Medal (2015)
- Dirac Medal (ICTP) (2019)
Memberships in academies and societies
- Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1984–1992)
- Full member of the Academia Europaea (1990)
- Full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1992)
- External member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992)
- Foreign Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States (1991)
- Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (2003)
- Member of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences of the Netherlands (2004)
- Member of the American Philosophical Society (2007)
- Foreign member of the Royal Society (2009)
Web links
- Literature by and about Rashid Sunyaev in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ The 2017 Clarivate Citation Laureates - Clarivate. In: clarivate.com. Retrieved September 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Dirac Medal (ICTP) 2019
- ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 51187
- ^ Member entry of Rashid Sunyaev (with picture and CV) at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on July 22, 2016.
- ↑ member History: Rashid Sunyaev Alievich. American Philosophical Society, accessed August 8, 2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sunyaev, Rashid |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sunyaev, Rashid Alievich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian astrophysicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 1, 1943 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tashkent , USSR |