Nikolsky phenomenon

The Nikolski phenomenon (after the Russian dermatologist Piotr Wasiljewitsch Nikolski , 1858–1940) is a term from dermatology .

It describes the tendency of the skin to form blisters. The Nikolski phenomenon is positive if blisters can be triggered by pushing the push button on apparently healthy skin or if the non-blistered skin can be shifted ( Nikolski I or direct Nikolski sign ) or if already existing blisters can be shifted by applying pressure to the side ( Nikolski II or indirect Nikolsky sign ).

Typical diseases with positive Nikolski phenomena are autoimmune blistering dermatoses such as pemphigus vulgaris ("bladder addiction") (Nikolski phenomena I and II positive), which can be distinguished from bullous pemphigoid (Nikolski phenomenon I negative). The Nikolsky phenomenon II is unspecific and occurs in various blistering skin diseases.

etiology

The Nikolski phenomenon is based on an autoimmune reaction against groups of proteins in the epidermis that enable cells to stick together. Depending on the proteins or layer of the skin affected, a distinction is made between the following diseases:

• Diseases of the pemphigus group ( autoantibodies against desmosomal proteins of the epidermis / intraepidermal blistering)
  • Pemphigus vulgaris (most common)
  • Pemphigus foliaceus , and the endemic form Pemphigus braziliense or Fogo selvagem
  • Paraneoplastic pemphigus
  • Drug-induced pemphigus

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Gernot Rassner: Dermatology: Textbook and Atlas . 8th, completely revised and updated edition. Elsevier, Urban and Fischer, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-42762-6 (Rassner. With the collaboration of U. Steinert).
2. ↑ Wolfram Sterry , Walter Burgdorf, Ralf Paus: Checklist Dermatology . 6th edition. Thieme, Stuttgart, New York 2010, ISBN 978-3-13-697006-5 , pp. 241 .

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !