Niobium tin

Crystal structure
General
Surname	Niobium tin
other names	Triniob tin
Ratio formula	Nb 3 Sn
External identifiers / databases
PubChem	15251588
Wikidata	Q7039313
properties
Molar mass	397.43 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	2130 ° C (decomposition)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Niobium tin is an intermetallic chemical compound from the group of niobium - tin compounds. In addition to Nb ₃ Sn, at least two other phases are known: Nb ₆ Sn ₅ and NbSn ₂ .

Extraction and presentation

Niobium tin can be obtained by reacting the elements at 900 to 1000 ° C or NbSn ₂ with niobium and a small amount of copper at 600 ° C.

It can also be made from niobium (IV) chloride and tin (II) chloride at temperatures below 1000 ° C.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {3 \ NbCl_ {4} + SnCl_ {2} +7 \ H_ {2} \ longrightarrow Nb_ {3} Sn + 14 \ HCl}}

properties

Niobium tin is a brittle solid and superconductor with a transition temperature of 18 K. Like niobium germanium, it crystallizes in ordered structures of the so-called A15 type with the space group Pm 3 n (space group no. 223) , the striking structural feature of which is the short niobium-niobium distances of 258 pm . Template: room group / 223

After Bernd Matthias , Theodore Geballe , Ernie Corenzwit and Seymour Geller discovered superconductivity in niobium tin in 1954, in 1961 it was the first connection for superconductivity to be detected even at high currents .

use

Niobium tin is used as a superconductor, for example for magnets and cables.

Individual evidence

^ G Ellis, Thomas & A Wilhelm, Harley. (1964). Phase equilibria and crystallography for the niobium-tin system. Journal of The Less Common Metals. 7. 67-83. 10.1016 / 0022-5088 (64) 90018-9.
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
^ ^A ^b Paul Seidel: Applied Superconductivity: Handbook on Devices and Applications . John Wiley & Sons, 2015, ISBN 978-3-527-67066-6 , pp. 109 ( books.google.de ).
^ Anant V. Narlikar: Frontiers in Superconducting Materials . Springer Science & Business Media, 2005, ISBN 978-3-540-27294-6 , pp. 704 ( books.google.de ).
^ Christoph Janiak, Hans-Jürgen Meyer, Dietrich Gudat, Ralf Alsfasser: Riedel Modern Inorganic Chemistry . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-024901-9 , p. 326 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Christian Barth: High Temperature Superconductor Cable Concepts for Fusion Magnets . KIT Scientific Publishing, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7315-0065-0 , pp. 15 ( books.google.de ).
↑ Horst Rogalla and Peter H. Kes: 100 Years of Superconductivity . Taylor & Francis, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4398-4948-4 , pp. 661 ( books.google.de ).
^ A. Godeke: A review of the properties of Nb3Sn and their variation with A15 composition, morphology and strain state . In: Superconductor Science and Technology . tape 19 , no. 8 , 2006, ISSN 0953-2048 , p. R68 , doi : 10.1088 / 0953-2048 / 19/8 / R02 ( iop.org ).
^ RG Sharma: Superconductivity: Basics and Applications to Magnets . Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-319-13713-1 , pp. 162 ( books.google.de ).

[1] G Ellis, Thomas & A Wilhelm, Harley. (1964). Phase equilibria and crystallography for the niobium-tin system. Journal of The Less Common Metals. 7. 67-83. 10.1016 / 0022-5088 (64) 90018-9.

[NV-2] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[Paul_Seidel-3] A ^b Paul Seidel: Applied Superconductivity: Handbook on Devices and Applications . John Wiley & Sons, 2015, ISBN 978-3-527-67066-6 , pp. 109 ( books.google.de ).

[4] Anant V. Narlikar: Frontiers in Superconducting Materials . Springer Science & Business Media, 2005, ISBN 978-3-540-27294-6 , pp. 704 ( books.google.de ).

[Christoph_Janiak,_Hans-Jürgen_Meyer,_Dietrich_Gudat,_Ralf_Alsfasser-5] Christoph Janiak, Hans-Jürgen Meyer, Dietrich Gudat, Ralf Alsfasser: Riedel Modern Inorganic Chemistry . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-024901-9 , p. 326 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[6] Christian Barth: High Temperature Superconductor Cable Concepts for Fusion Magnets . KIT Scientific Publishing, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7315-0065-0 , pp. 15 ( books.google.de ).

[7] Horst Rogalla and Peter H. Kes: 100 Years of Superconductivity . Taylor & Francis, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4398-4948-4 , pp. 661 ( books.google.de ).

[8] A. Godeke: A review of the properties of Nb3Sn and their variation with A15 composition, morphology and strain state . In: Superconductor Science and Technology . tape 19 , no. 8 , 2006, ISSN 0953-2048 , p. R68 , doi : 10.1088 / 0953-2048 / 19/8 / R02 ( iop.org ).

[9] RG Sharma: Superconductivity: Basics and Applications to Magnets . Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-319-13713-1 , pp. 162 ( books.google.de ).