Niobium (IV) chloride
| Crystal structure | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| __ Nb 4+ __ Cl - | ||||||||||
| Crystal system |
monoclinic |
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| Space group |
C 2 / m (No. 12) |
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| Lattice parameters |
a = 1232 pm |
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| General | ||||||||||
| Surname | Niobium (IV) chloride | |||||||||
| other names |
Niobium tetrachloride |
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| Ratio formula | NbCl 4 | |||||||||
| Brief description |
black solid |
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| External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||
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| properties | ||||||||||
| Molar mass | 234.72 g mol −1 | |||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| density |
3.14 g cm −3 |
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| Melting point |
275 ° C (sublimation) |
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| boiling point |
800 ° C (decomposition) |
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| solubility |
reacts with water |
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| safety instructions | ||||||||||
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||
Niobium (IV) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound of niobium from the group of chlorides .
Extraction and presentation
Niobium (IV) chloride can be obtained by reacting niobium (V) chloride with niobium.
Instead of niobium, niobium (V) chloride can also be reduced with iron , aluminum (distilling off aluminum (III) chloride in a vacuum) or hydrogen .
properties
Niobium (IV) chloride is available in the form of brown-black, shiny needles that fray when pressed. It is diamagnetic, very sensitive to air and soluble in a little water or dilute hydrochloric acid with a deep blue color. It has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group C 2 / m (space group no.12) , a = 1232 pm , b = 682 pm, c = 821 pm, β = 134 °. The connection is in the form of edge- sharing octahedra NbCl 2 Cl 4/2 . Short (303 pm) and long (379 pm) Nb – Nb distances alternate in the chains. The short distances indicate a certain covalent bond component of the Nb (IV) atoms ( electron configuration d 1 ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d W. M. Haynes (Ed.): CRC handbook of chemistry and physics. A ready-reference book of chemical and physical data . founded by David R. Lide. 93rd edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton 2012, ISBN 978-1-4398-8049-4 , pp. 4–78 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ a b c d Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1444.
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ Ralf Alsfasser, Erwin Riedel, HJ Meyer: Moderne Anorganische Chemie . Walter de Gruyter, 2007, ISBN 3-11-019060-5 , p. 349 ( limited preview in Google Book search).