Nordic shipworm

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nordic shipworm
Nototeredo norvagica (after Hanley in Forbes & Hanley, 1853: Plate 11, Fig. 1–4 [1])

Nototeredo norvagica (after Hanley in Forbes & Hanley, 1853: Plate 11, Fig. 1–4)

Systematics
Order : Myida
Superfamily : Pholadoidea
Family : Marine clams (Teredinidae)
Subfamily : Bankiinae
Genre : Nototeredo
Type : Nordic shipworm
Scientific name
Nototeredo norvagica
( Spengler , 1792)

The Nordic Schiffsbohrwurm ( Nototeredo norvagica ), also Norwegian boring worm is a shell - type from the family of Schiffsbohrmuscheln (Teredinidae). It usually settles in somewhat deeper water. No major damage caused by his drilling activity is known.

features

The same-folding housing is up to 20 mm long. It is slightly taller (1.3 cm) than it is long. It sits on the foremost part of the long, worm-shaped body, which can be stretched out up to 80 cm long (Tryon) (up to 1 m), but is usually much smaller (about 30 to 40 cm). The outline of the housing is divided into three areas: a small triangular front part, a large, highly oblique and flared middle part and a slightly smaller, semicircular rear part (auriculum). The triangular front part starts at the top of the middle part, set off by a kink. The front part is provided with about 60, transversely to the longitudinal axis and parallel to the edge, tightly standing ribs which are covered with spike-like or thorn-like extensions. The vertebra sits in the dorsal area of ​​the front part of the housing. The middle part is twice as high as it is long and is usually only slightly ornamented with growth strips parallel to the edge, as is the rear part of the case. A narrow longitudinal pit runs from the vertebrae almost perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing over the middle part of the housing to the ventral edge. The rear, semicircular part of the housing, which is slightly flattened at the upper edge, starts at the side of the middle part. The ligament sits internally on a resilifer . Lock teeth are missing. The aragonitic shell is thin and fragile.

Pallets of three marine auger shells : A. Lyrodus pedicellatus ; B. Teredo navalis C. Nototeredo norvagica . The non-calcified or weakly calcified front edge areas are clearly visible in this transmitted light image.

The sheet of the pallet is paddle-like with a straight to only slightly curved upper end. It is concave on the inside and convex on the outside. At the top there is a thumbnail-like indentation on the outside of the leaf. The leaf is made up of densely packed calcified segments that are parallel to the edge and separated from one another by thin layers of periostracum. The entire surface is covered by a light brown periostracum. In older specimens, the periostracum has often already been rubbed off. The stem is comparatively short. It is egg-shaped in cross-section and has a rough surface. The color varies from chalk white to pinkish brown.

The siphons are short and separated (in comparison to other marine drilling mugs); they are about the same length. The boreholes or living tubes lined with calcium carbonate are divided at the back with up to twelve septa, each of which has a large, egg-shaped opening in the middle.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The distribution area extends over large parts of the European Atlantic coast from Norway to the Mediterranean and Black Sea . It is also found in Iceland , the Azores and the Canary Islands . It is probably also originally found on the North American east coast. However, a spread cannot be completely ruled out. In 2014 the species was also detected on the Indian coast of the Bay of Bengal .

The Nordic shipworm seems to prefer slightly greater depths (compared to the shipworm , for example ). It is therefore hardly a threat to wooden structures in shallow water. Archaeological objects such as B. sunken wooden ships at risk. The Nordic shipworm is salinity tolerant (17 to 39 PSU ) and can withstand large temperature fluctuations (2–30 ° C). The species incubates the larvae in October and early winter.

Fossil record

Fossils that do not differ from the palettes of Nototeredo norvagica have already been found in Upper Ocene layers in Austria.

Taxonomy

The taxon was founded by Lorenz Spengler in 1792 under the original binomial Teredo norvagica . The species is generally recognized and belongs to the genus Nototeredo Bartsch, 1923.

literature

  • Ruth D. Turner: A survey and illustrated catalog of the Teredinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia). 265 p., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, 1966 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org
  • George Tryon: A Monograph of the Order Pholadacea. Contributions to Conchology, 2: Philadelphia 1862 Online at Google Books (p. 114)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Edward Forbes, Sylvanus Charles Hanley: A history of British Mollusca and their shells. 3 volumes, London, Van Voorst, 1848-1853. Vol. 1: i-lxxx [1853], 1-486 [1848], pl. AW, AA-ZZ, AAA-ZZZ [dates uncertain]; Vol. 2: 1-480 [1 dec. 1849], 481-557 [1850]; Vol. 3: 1-320 [1850], 321-616 [1851]; Vol. 4: 1-300 [1852], pl. 1-114F (publication dates uncertain). Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 66), plate 1
  2. ↑ Marine Species Identification Portal: Nototeredo norvagica (Spengler, 1792)
  3. ^ Rainer Willmann: Mussels of the North and Baltic Seas. 310 p., Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen 1989 ISBN 3-7888-0555-2 (p. 198)
  4. ↑ Luísa MS Borges: The internal structure of the pallets of Nototeredo norvagica and Psiloteredo megotara (Bivalvia: Teredinidae): implications for subfamilial allocations. Zoomorphology, 135 (1): 33-41, 2016 doi: 10.1007 / s00435-015-0277-4
  5. ↑ Luísa MS Borges & Filipe O. Costa: New records of marine wood borers (Bivalvia: Teredinidae and Isopoda: Limnoriidae) from São Miguel, Azores, with a discussion of some aspects of their biogeography. Açoreana, Suplemento 10: 109-116, 2014 PDF (ResearchGate)
  6. ^ Hugh J. Porter: The North Carolina Marine and Estuarine Mollusca: An Atlas of Occurrence. 351 pp., University of North Carolina, Institute of Marine Sciences, 1974
  7. ↑ MV Rao, AV Pachu, M. Balaji: Interesting shipworm (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Teredinidae) records from India. Check List 10 (3): 609-614, 2014 PDF
  8. ↑ a b Luísa MS Borges, Lucas M. Merckelbach, Íris Sampaio, Simon M. Cragg: Diversity, environmental requirements, and biogeography of bivalve wood-borers (Teredinidae) in European coastal waters. Frontiers in Zoology, 11, 13, 13 pp., 2014
  9. ↑ Alfons Friedrich Tauber: The fossil teredinids of the Burgenland and Lower Austrian tertiary deposits. In: Scientific work from Burgenland . Issue 3, Eisenstadt 1954, pp. 1-59, PDF on ZOBODAT
  10. ↑ Lorenz Spengler: Betragtninger og Anmærkninger ved den Linneiske Slægt Pholas blant de mangeskallede muscle, with the hidindtil known game and nye Arter, including the dermed i Forbindelse staaende Slægt Teredo Linn. Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet, 2 (1): 72-106, Kiøbenhavn / Copenhagen 1792 Göttingen Digitization Center (p. 102).
  11. ↑ MolluscaBase: Nototeredo norvagica (Spengler, 1792)