Fastigii nucleus

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The nucleus fastigii (dt. Gable nucleus ), also nucleus medialis cerebelli , is a core area in the cerebellum .

anatomy

Like all cerebellar nuclei, the nucleus fastigii is best seen in a horizontal section. It is located in the medullary bed of the vermis cerebelli , is functionally closely connected to the cortex of the flocculonodular lobe and is bilaterally connected to the vestibular nuclei and the reticular format in the pons and medulla oblongata . It was named after its medial position at the highest point of the roof ( fastigium , Latin = roof gable) of the fourth ventricle . Often its caudal parts are united so that the image of an “open V” is created. Occasionally, a distinction is made in the literature between a loosely built lateral and a compact built medial core.

Projections

The nucleus fastigii receives afferents at its rostral pole from the anterior A-zone of the cerebellar worm. The fibers from the caudal vermis project onto the entire gable core. There are also pyramidal afferents. In addition, Purkinje cells from the folium and tuber vermis transmit visual impulses to the caudal sections of the fasting nuclei.

The nucleus fastigii projected crossed to a lesser extent fibers on the one hand to the ascending midbrain and diencephalon , on the other hand, at very low levels descending the spinal cord . There are also GABAergic neurons that send crossed fibers to the nucleus olivaris accessorius medialis .

A much larger part of its efferent system projects as the uncinate fasciculus (Russel hook bundle) into the vestibular nucleus, the fibers of which cross in the rostral part of the cerebellar commissure , pass through the contralateral gable core and then hook-shaped around the dorsolateral side of the conjunctival brachium to then To draw the border of the corpus restiforme and the corpus juxtarestiforme through the pedunculus cerebellaris inferior to their destination. In addition, there are fibers that pass through the corpus juxtarestiforme of the pedunculus cerebellaris inferior to the nuclei vestibulares as the fastigiobulable rectae . Both crossed and uncrossed fibers either end in the nuclei vestibulares mediales et inferiores or pass through them and end in the formatio reticularis .

Another small portion of the crossed fibers reaches the ascending uncinatus fasciculus via the superior cerebellar peduncles, for example to the tegmentum , periaqueductal gray or superior colliculus of the midbrain, as well as to the posterior venterolateral nucleus and other intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus .

physiology

The nucleus fastigii innervates the nuclei of origin of the tractus reticulospinalis and the tractus vestibulospinalis medialis . The ascending projection over the thalamus to the motor cortex connects it with the corticospinal tract , via which the trunk and proximal body muscles are controlled and regulated. The body posture can thus be adapted to the body movement or the movement can be adjusted for a corresponding body posture.

The visual afferents are conveyed via the gable cores to the contralateral reticular format of the pons and mesencephalon and bilaterally to the upper lamina tecti . It is assumed that this results in an adaptation to sudden eye movements.

There are also projections of the parasolitic nucleus of the vagus nerve , the dorsal nucleus nervi vagi , the raphe nuclei , the caeruleus locus and the central gray cave, which can be used to influence the visceromotor systems.

Web links

Wikibooks: Topographic Anatomy: Neuroanatomy: Cerebellum  - Learning and Teaching Materials

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  1. ↑ Trepel, Martin: Neuroanatomie. Structure and function, 3rd edition, Munich / Jena 2004, p. 152. ISBN 3-437-41297-3
  2. ↑ a b c Kugler, Peter : Nervensystem. Kleinhirn, in: Drenckhahn, Detlev (ed.): Benninghoff. Anatomy. Macroscopic anatomy, histology, embryology, cell biology, vol. 2, 16th edition, Munich 2004, p. 414ff. ISBN 3-437-42350-9
  3. ↑ Graumann, Walther / Sasse, Dieter (eds.): CompactLehrbuch Anatomie, Vol. 4: Sinnessysteme, Haut, ZNS, Periphereleitungbahnen, Stuttgart 2005, p. 275. ISBN 3-7945-2064-5
  4. ↑ Leonhardt, Helmut / Lange, Winfried: Gray and white matter of the brain stem, in: Leonhardt, Helmut et al. (Ed.): Rauber / Kopsch . Anatomie des Menschen, textbook and atlas, vol. 3: Nervensystem, Sinnesorgane, Stuttgart / New York 1987, p. 178. ISBN 3-13-503501-8
  5. ↑ Illert, Michael: Zerebellum , in: Deetjen, Peter / Speckmann, Erwin-Josef / Hescheler, Jürgen (Eds.): Physiologie, 4th edition, Munich / Jena 2005, pp. 274f. ISBN 3-437-41317-1