Nueva Germania

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Nueva Germania
Coordinates: 23 ° 54 ′  S , 56 ° 34 ′  W
Map: Paraguay
marker
Nueva Germania​
Nueva Germania on the map of Paraguay
Basic data
Country Paraguay
Department San Pedro
City foundation 1886
Residents 4335  (2008)
Detailed data
surface 20.002 km²
height 132  m
Time zone UTC −4
Photo-request.svg
Image wanted BW

Nueva Germania is a small village in the rural part of Paraguay , about 150 km north of Asunción . It was founded around 1886 by Bernhard Förster and a handful of German settlers, including his wife Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche , Friedrich Nietzsche's sister .

history

Förster, a well - known anti-Semite , planned to establish a kind of refuge for the " Aryan race " in South America with the foundation of Nueva Germania . The Jena teacher Förster was a representative of ethnic ideas . He had been dismissed from school because of militant anti-Semitism and blamed the Jews for the “decline of German virtues”. After Förster's suicide, who could not prevent the settlers from mixing with native Indians, the colony began to decline .

The German settlers were not prepared for the conditions in South America and did not manage to adapt. The colony fell into hunger and poverty, but it still exists today. Around 200 descendants of the settlers can still be found there.

  • Location in Paraguay

  • Purchased territory

  • Försterhof

  • A farm in New Germania

  • A country house in New Germania

The project experienced a certain propaganda significance again during the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner, who was of German origin . In recent years, the American conductor David Woodard has tried to attract interest in the village, which is planned as a “racially pure colony”. Among other things, he offers guided tours through the area. It advertises a house in which Josef Mengele allegedly found refuge for several years, and visits to the living conditions of the descendants of the German settlers. The house in which Mengele allegedly stayed, however, was burned down in 1991 - under unexplained circumstances - shortly before the arrival of a British camera team.

According to the 2002 census, Nueva Germania had 4,202 inhabitants, of whom 840 (20%) said they spoke German as a first, second or third language. German language skills were just as widespread among the younger residents as among the elderly.

literature

  • Ben Macintyre: Forgotten Fatherland - the search for Elisabeth Nietzsche . Macmillan, London 1992. ISBN 0-333-55914-2 .
  • Ben Macintyre: The True Story of Nietzsche's Sister and Her Lost Aryan Colony . Broadway Books / Random House, New York 2011. ISBN 978-0307886446 .
  • Ben Macintyre: Elisabeth Nietzsche ou la folie aryenne: au Paraguay, en 1886, la soeur du cĺèbre philosophe fonde Nueva Germania, la première colonie aryenne de l'histoire . Laffont, Paris 1992. ISBN 2-221-07455-6 .
  • Ben Macintyre: Forgotten Fatherland. The traces of Elisabeth Nietzsche . Reclam, Leipzig 1994. ISBN 3-379-01510-5 .
  • Wolfgang Hindrichs: Nueva Germania - A challenge in Paraguay . Hahne and Schloemer, Düren 2006. ISBN 978-3-927312-74-6 .
  • Daniela Kraus: Bernhard and Elisabeth Försters Nueva Germania in Paraguay. An anti-Semitic utopia. PhD thesis. University of Vienna. 1999
  • Jonatan Kurzwelly: Being German and being Paraguayan in Nueva Germania: Arguing for “contextual epistemic permissibility” and “methodological complementarity.” PhD thesis. University of St Andrews. 2017
  • Jonatan Kurzwelly (2019) Being German, Paraguayan and Germanino: Exploring the Relation Between Social and Personal Identity, Identity, 19: 2, 144–156, doi: 10.1080 / 15283488.2019.1604348

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Florian Zinnecker: I noticed how much I wrestled with the term ›being German‹ . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung, May 11, 2016. From: sueddeutsche.de, accessed on May 29, 2016
  2. ↑ The Legacy of Nueva Germania . In: Der Spiegel, July 12, 1993. From: spiegel.de, accessed May 29, 2016
  3. ↑ Henning Kober: In, around and around Germanistan . In: Die Tageszeitung, May 18, 2006. From: taz.de, accessed on May 29, 2016
  4. ^ Peter Burghardt: The emigrants . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung, 15./16. November 2014. p. 57.
  5. ↑ Martin Lichtmesz: Nietzsche and Wagner in the jungle - David Woodard & Christian Kracht in Nueva Germania . Interview with David Woodard and Christian Kracht about Nueva Germania. In: Zwielicht 2, 2007. P. 28. (PDF file; 78.6 kB)
  6. ↑ Dirección General de Estadística Encuestas y Censos: Censo Nacional de Población y Viviendas 2002 ( Memento of the original of July 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Results of the 2002 census in Paraguay). From: cepal.org, accessed May 29, 2016 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / celade.cepal.org